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摘要
脲酶由多种植物、真菌和细菌表达,与许多细菌的毒力因子直接相关,其中包括幽门螺杆菌。幽门螺杆菌是一种与多种胃肠疾病有关的革兰氏阴性菌,是世界上最常见的细菌感染之一。幽门螺杆菌脲酶(HPU)是一种镍依赖性金属酶,在胃的酸性pH引起的环境应激下表达。该酶通过尿素水解产物的酸性中和作用,促进胃pH值的增加,进而对微生物的定植和发病起关键作用。与此同时,幽门螺杆菌感染的标准治疗也存在局限性,如临床应用中细菌对抗生素的耐药性不断增加。作为开发新型治疗手段的一种策略,脲酶抑制剂已被证明是很有前景的,有广泛的化合物,包括天然的、合成的和半合成的产品被研究和潜在开发为新药。在此背景下,本文综述了HPU抑制领域的进展,提出并讨论了研究新分子的基础,旨在识别更有效的治疗实体。
关键词: 幽门螺杆菌,脲酶,给药,消化性溃疡,胃炎,胃腺癌。
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