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Review Article

抗逆转录病毒药物治疗小儿艾滋病毒感染概述

卷 27, 期 5, 2020

页: [760 - 794] 页: 35

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180904123549

价格: $65

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摘要

小儿获得性免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）是威胁生命的传染病，其中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）主要通过母婴传播（MTCT）在怀孕，分娩和分娩或母乳喂养期间传播。这篇综述概述了消除小儿HIV-1感染中全身性病毒复制的独特治疗方法。已经出现了许多种类的抗逆转录病毒药物作为治疗工具，用于下调HIV复制过程中的不同步骤。这些类别包括非核苷类似物逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs），核苷/核苷酸类似物逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs / NtRTIs），整合酶抑制剂（INIs），蛋白酶抑制剂（PIs）和进入抑制剂（EIs）。某些抗逆转录病毒药物与药代动力学增强剂（PEs）并用可能会提高主要治疗剂的有效性。多种抗逆转录病毒药物疗法（高效抗逆转录病毒疗法-HAART）的组合目前是HIV感染的标准治疗方法。到目前为止，HAART的使用为延长和最大程度地抑制病毒以及保护HIV感染后的免疫系统提供了最佳机会。尽管如此，高剂量的多种药物的频繁给药，以足够的剂量不能有效地到达病毒库，耐药性的发展以及患者对患者依从性的缺乏都不利于完全消除HIV。基于纳米技术的药物递送系统的开发可以使抗逆转录病毒药物靶向性地以治疗浓度递送至难以接近的病毒库位置。此外，计算机辅助药物设计（CADD）方法的应用为开发具有良好药效学和药代动力学特性的抗HIV候选药物提供了有价值的工具。

关键词: 小儿HIV病毒，后天免疫机能丧失综合症（AIDS），抗逆转录病毒疗法，病毒库，药物设计，计算机辅助药物设计（CADD）。

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