Abstract
Background: Anticancer chemotherapeutics have a lot of problems via conventional Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs), including non-specificity, burst release, severe side-effects, and damage to normal cells. Owing to its potential to circumventing these problems, nanotechnology has gained increasing attention in targeted tumor therapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs or genes encapsulated in nanoparticles could be used to target therapies to the tumor site in three ways: “passive”, “active”, and “smart” targeting.
Objective: To summarize the mechanisms of various internal and external “smart” stimulating factors on the basis of findings from in vivo and in vitro studies.
Method: A thorough search of PubMed was conducted in order to identify the majority of trials, studies and novel articles related to the subject.
Results: Activated by internal triggering factors (pH, redox, enzyme, hypoxia, etc.) or external triggering factors (temperature, light of different wavelengths, ultrasound, magnetic fields, etc.), “smart” DDSs exhibit targeted delivery to the tumor site, and controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs or genes.
Conclusion: In this review article, we summarize and classify the internal and external triggering mechanism of “smart” nanoparticle-based DDSs in targeted tumor therapy, and the most recent research advances are illustrated for better understanding.
Keywords: Nanoparticle, DDS, triggering mechanism, tumor targeted therapy, pH, enzyme, GSH, light, ultrasound, temperature.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Internal and External Triggering Mechanism of “Smart” Nanoparticle-Based DDSs in Targeted Tumor Therapy
Volume: 24 Issue: 15
Author(s): Xian-ling Qian, Jun Li, Ran Wei, Hui Lin and Li-xia Xiong*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006,China
Keywords: Nanoparticle, DDS, triggering mechanism, tumor targeted therapy, pH, enzyme, GSH, light, ultrasound, temperature.
Abstract: Background: Anticancer chemotherapeutics have a lot of problems via conventional Drug Delivery Systems (DDSs), including non-specificity, burst release, severe side-effects, and damage to normal cells. Owing to its potential to circumventing these problems, nanotechnology has gained increasing attention in targeted tumor therapy. Chemotherapeutic drugs or genes encapsulated in nanoparticles could be used to target therapies to the tumor site in three ways: “passive”, “active”, and “smart” targeting.
Objective: To summarize the mechanisms of various internal and external “smart” stimulating factors on the basis of findings from in vivo and in vitro studies.
Method: A thorough search of PubMed was conducted in order to identify the majority of trials, studies and novel articles related to the subject.
Results: Activated by internal triggering factors (pH, redox, enzyme, hypoxia, etc.) or external triggering factors (temperature, light of different wavelengths, ultrasound, magnetic fields, etc.), “smart” DDSs exhibit targeted delivery to the tumor site, and controlled release of chemotherapeutic drugs or genes.
Conclusion: In this review article, we summarize and classify the internal and external triggering mechanism of “smart” nanoparticle-based DDSs in targeted tumor therapy, and the most recent research advances are illustrated for better understanding.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Qian Xian-ling , Li Jun , Wei Ran , Lin Hui and Xiong Li-xia *, Internal and External Triggering Mechanism of “Smart” Nanoparticle-Based DDSs in Targeted Tumor Therapy, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180510094607
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180510094607 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Blood-based biomarkers in large-scale screening for neurodegenerative diseases
Disease biomarkers are necessary tools that can be employ in several clinical context of use (COU), ranging from the (early) diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, to monitor of disease state and/or drug efficacy. Regarding neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a battery of well-validated biomarkers are available, such as cerebrospinal fluid ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Diabetes mellitus: advances in diagnosis and treatment driving by precision medicine
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic degenerative metabolic disease with ever increasing prevalence worldwide which is now an epidemic disease affecting 500 million people worldwide. Insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells unable to maintain blood glucose homeostasis is the main feature of this disease. Multifactorial and complex nature of ...read more
![](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Modulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: An Opportunity to Prevent Neurodegeneration?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Postoperative Delirium
Current Drug Targets The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: What can it Tell us About Stressors?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The anti-inflammatory agents Siblings Nitroxyl (HNO) and Nitric Oxide (NO) in Cardioprotection
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Editorial Review of 2012
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Nitric Oxide Synthase as a Target for the Prevention of Hypoxic-Ischemic Newborn Brain Damage
Current Enzyme Inhibition ATP-Binding Cassette Efflux Transporters in Human Placenta
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology New Inotropic Pharmacologic Strategies Targeting the Failing Myocardiumin the Newborn and Infant
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Regulation of p53 Activity
Current Chemical Biology Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 - An Overview of An Over-Achieving Protein Kinase
Current Drug Targets Regulation of Multidrug Resistance by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines
Current Cancer Drug Targets Experimental Breast Cancer Models: Preclinical Imaging Perspective
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Intracellular and Extracellular miRNAs in Regulation of Angiogenesis Signaling
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Perinatal Brain Injury
Current Pediatric Reviews Sphingolipid Modulation: A Strategy for Cancer Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of miRNAs in Metabolic Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Tumor Specific Imaging Using Tc-99m and Ga-68 Labeled Radiopharmaceuticals
Current Medical Imaging Stem Cell Treatment and Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Inhibition of EGFR Signaling by N-cyclohexyl-2-(1-(phenylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl) acetamide
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cellular Therapy for Heart Failure
Current Cardiology Reviews