Title:Platelet Oxidative Stress and its Relationship with Cardiovascular Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Volume: 26
Issue: 22
Author(s): Mohammed El Haouari*
Affiliation:
- Centre Regional des Metiers de l'Education et de la Formation de Taza (CRMEF - Taza), B.P: 1178 - Taza Gare,Morocco
Keywords:
Platelets, reactive oxygen species, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, antioxidants, signal transduction.
Abstract: Enhanced platelet activation and thrombosis are linked to various cardiovascular
diseases (CVD). Among other mechanisms, oxidative stress seems to play a pivotal
role in platelet hyperactivity. Indeed, upon stimulation by physiological agonists, human
platelets generate and release several types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2
-,
H2O2 or OH-, further amplifying the platelet activation response via various signalling
pathways, including, formation of isoprostanes, Ca2+ mobilization and NO inactivation.
Furthermore, excessive platelet ROS generation, incorporation of free radicals from environment
and/or depletion of antioxidants induce pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory and platelet
hyperaggregability effects, leading to the incidence of cardiovascular events. Here, we
review the current knowledge regarding the effect of oxidative stress on platelet signaling
pathways and its implication in CVD such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. We also summarize
the role of natural antioxidants included in vegetables, fruits and medicinal herbs in reducing
platelet function via an oxidative stress-mediated mechanism.