摘要
许多植物源的次生代谢物已经被开发成抗癌试剂,白藜芦醇、鬼臼毒素和零点酮等化合物在这方面特别重要。由于它们的新化学合成既困难又昂贵,因此有了发展可行的生物技术生产方法的动力。因此,本文综述了该领域的最新进展,重点介绍了微繁殖、细胞悬浮培养、愈伤组织培养、毛状根培养、重组微生物和转基因高等植物的应用。优化培养基和培养条件、前体喂养、固定化以及在各种协议中使用化学或物理激发,导致白藜芦醇和鬼臼毒素的产生增加。从花生或葡萄中提取的二苯乙烯合酶的外源基因转化导致白藜芦醇的产生,同时也增加了对植物病原菌的抗性。有趣的是,用发根农杆菌遗传转化的六味子和黄Linum,导致Ri-T-DNA基因介导鬼臼毒素的产生。从组织培养的苗或悬浮培养获得的零点酮产量一般较低,这些方法需要进一步优化。在缺乏天然白藜芦醇或零点酮生物合成途径的微生物中,代谢工程不仅需要引入该途径的多个基因,而且还需要前体喂养和基因表达的优化以提高其产量。在使用这些抗癌化合物进行治疗之前,需要有关安全性和毒性测试的数据。
关键词: 白藜芦醇,鬼臼毒素,零点酮,抗癌药物,代谢工程,细胞悬浮培养,诱导,毛状根培养。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Biotechnological Approaches for Production of Anti-Cancerous Compounds Resveratrol, Podophyllotoxin and Zerumbone
Volume: 25 Issue: 36
关键词: 白藜芦醇,鬼臼毒素,零点酮,抗癌药物,代谢工程,细胞悬浮培养,诱导,毛状根培养。
摘要: Secondary metabolites from numerous plant sources have been developed as anti- cancer reagents and compounds such as resveratrol, podophyllotoxin and zerumbone are of particular importance in this regard. Since their de novo chemical synthesis is both arduous and commercially expensive, there has been an impetus to develop viable, biotechnological methods of production. Accordingly, this review focuses on the recent developments in the field, highlighting the use of micropropagation, cell suspension cultures, callus cultures, hairy root cultures, recombinant microbes and genetically modified higher plants. Optimization of media and culture conditions, precursor feeding, immobilization and the use of chemical or physical elicitation in various protocols has led to an increase in resveratrol and podophyllotoxin production. Heterologous gene transformation of higher plants with stilbene synthase derived from Arachis hypogaea or Vitis vinifera lead to resveratrol production with the concomitant increase in resistance to plant pathogens. Interestingly, genetic transformation of Podophyllum hexandrum and Linum flavum with Agrobacterium rhizogenes resulted in Ri-T-DNA gene(s)-mediated enhancement of podophyllotoxin production. Zerumbone yields from tissue cultured plantlets or from suspension cultures are generally low and these methods require further optimization. In microbes lacking the native resveratrol or zerumbone biosynthesis pathway, metabolic engineering required not only the introduction of several genes of the pathway, but also precursor feeding and optimization of gene expression to increase their production. Data pertaining to safety and toxicity testing are needed prior to use of these sources of anti-cancer compounds in therapy.
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Biotechnological Approaches for Production of Anti-Cancerous Compounds Resveratrol, Podophyllotoxin and Zerumbone, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 25 (36) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170404145656
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170404145656 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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