Title:Nanoscale Formulations and Diagnostics With Their Recent Trends: A Major Focus of Future Nanotechnology
Volume: 21
Issue: 36
Author(s): Biswajit Mukherjee, Lopamudra Dutta, Laboni Mondal, Niladri Shekhar Dey, Samrat Chakraborty, Ruma Maji and Tapan Kumar Shaw
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Nanotechnology, nanoformulations, patents, diagnostic kits, diseases, nanoparticles.
Abstract: Nanomedicine is an emerging and rapidly growing field, possibly exploring for high expectation to
healthcare. Nanoformulations have been designed to overcome challenges due to the development and fabrication
of nanostructures. Unique size-dependent properties of nanoformulations make them superior and indispensable in
many areas of human activity. Nano drug delivery systems are formulated and engineered to carry and deliver a
number of substances in a targeted and controlled way. The vision of nanocarriers can be designed that will serve a
dual purpose, allowing both treatment and diagnosis to be contained in an ‘all-in-one’ package. Nanoscale drugdelivery
systems efficiently regulate the release, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, solubility, immunocompatibility,
cellular uptake and biodistribution of chemical entities (drug). Their cellular uptake takes place by
various mechanisms such as micropinocytosis, phagocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis. These phenomena
cause longer retention in blood circulation resulting in the release of the encapsulated materials in a sustained
manner thus minimize the plasma fluctuations and toxic side effects. In this manner, the therapeutic index of conventional pharmaceuticals
is efficiently increased. They can be used to deliver both micro and macro biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, plasmid DNA
and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides. In this present review, several recent developing and modifying nano-products for the detection,
analysis, and treatment of diseases with their US and world patents along with various diagnostic kits have been discussed.