摘要
相关案例报道证明了吸入、经皮、滴鼻、关节内和眼睛注射糖皮质激素有可能引起威胁生命的肾上腺功能不全。随着很少、有时相互矛盾的数据和研究方法,肾上腺功能不全引发于局部应用糖皮质激素的广泛性还不清楚。肾上腺功能不全只能通过刺激测试来正确评估,有报道证实40-50%患者接受大剂量吸入糖皮质激素。中到低剂量吸入糖皮质激素导致0-16%患者的肾上腺抑制。在使用规定剂量内糖皮质激素乳霜和鼻腔糖皮质激素也会引起肾上腺功能不全,但概率低于吸入糖皮质激素。关节腔单注射糖皮质激素后可引起肾上腺抑制。局部应用糖皮质激素的系统性效应取决于特定的糖皮质激素的药代动力学和动态属性以及个人因素。许多肾上腺机能不全的症状是不明确的,且往往难以区分于潜在的疾病症状。症状可能比普遍认为的和临床实践诊断下的更常见。潜在的肾上腺机能不全必须始终被接受各种形式糖皮质激素治疗的患者所牢记。临床上的要点和病人管理在病例报告和文献综述的基础上被讨论。更多的工作用于评估肾上腺机能不全的发生是由局部应用糖皮质激素引发仍然迫切苏维需要。
关键词: 肾上腺功能不全,糖皮质激素,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能,吸入皮质激素,鼻类固醇,局部皮质类固醇。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Adrenal Insufficiency Caused by Locally Applied Glucocorticoids-Myth or Fact?
Volume: 22 Issue: 23
Author(s): Stina Willemoes Borresen, Marianne Klose, Ase Krogh Rasmussen and Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Affiliation:
关键词: 肾上腺功能不全,糖皮质激素,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能,吸入皮质激素,鼻类固醇,局部皮质类固醇。
摘要: Case-reports have made it evident that both inhaled, percutaneous, intranasal, intraarticular and ophthalmic administered glucocorticoids have the potential to cause life threatening adrenal insufficiency. With few and sometimes conflicting data and study methodology the prevalence of adrenal insufficiency secondary to locally applied glucocorticoids is not clear. Adrenal insufficiency can only be correctly evaluated by a stimulation test, and has by this procedure been reported in up to 40-50% of patients treated with high-dose inhaled glucocorticoids. Medium- to low-dose inhaled glucocorticoids have been shown to cause adrenal suppression in 0-16% of patients. Glucocorticoid creams and nasal glucocorticoids can cause adrenal insufficiency, also when used within prescribed doses, but the frequency seems to be less than with inhaled glucocorticoids. Intraarticularly administered glucocorticoids can cause adrenal suppression after a single injection. The systemic effect of locally applied glucocorticoids depends on pharmacokinetic and –dynamic properties of the particular glucocorticoid as well as individual factors. Many of the symptoms in iatrogen adrenal insufficiency are unspecific and often difficult to differentiate from symptoms of underlying disease activity. The condition might therefore be more common than widely believed and underdiagnosed in clinical practice. Potential adrenal insufficiency must therefore always be kept in mind in patients treated with all forms of glucocorticoids. Clinically important points and patient management are discussed on the basis of a case report and review of the literature. More work assessing the prevalence of adrenal insufficiency secondary to locally applied glucocorticoids is urgently needed.
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Stina Willemoes Borresen, Marianne Klose, Ase Krogh Rasmussen and Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen , Adrenal Insufficiency Caused by Locally Applied Glucocorticoids-Myth or Fact?, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (23) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150716113003
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666150716113003 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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