Title:Novel Inflammatory Markers in Hyperlipidemia: Clinical Implications
Volume: 22
Issue: 23
Author(s): Angeliki Papapanagiotou, Gerasimos Siasos, Eva Kassi, Antonios N. Gargalionis and Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Atheromatosis, biomarkers, hyperlipidemia, inflammation.
Abstract: Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormally increased plasma of any or all lipids and /or
lipoproteins and is a confirmed risk factor for the formation of atherosclerosis. Inflammation plays a
crucial role in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis and consequently on cardiovascular
diseases. Nowadays, the effective role of the immune system and subsequently of systemic inflammation
is well established. Multiple levels of evidence from experimental models and histopathologic assessment
of tissues to systemic biomarkers and epidemiologic or clinical associations have revealed
that inflammation is one of the basic mechanisms in the destabilization of the atherogenetic plaque
which leads to clinical events. Several inflammatory markers are affiliated with lipids level and the
process of atherosclerosis. The most known of them are interleukin 6 and interleukin 1β, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis
factor-alpha, pentraxin3, serum amyloid A, sCD40, adhesion molecules, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, sEndoglin,
PAPP-A, chemokine 16, insulin like growth factor, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and galectin 3 but
their role in atherogenesis is not well established for all of them. As atheromatosis is one of the main causes of death all
over the world, in upcoming studies it will be useful to specify the exact role of these markers in this process in order to
have a better prognosis, diagnosis and understanding of this disorder. The aim in this review is to study the literature on
the novel inflammation markers of hyperlipidemia according to their clinical implications.