Title:Antibacterial Activities of Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Author(s): Yixi Xie, Weijie Yang, Fen Tang, Xiaoqing Chen and Licheng Ren
Affiliation:
关键词:
抗菌活性，黄酮类，机制，构效关系。
摘要: Flavonoids are well known as antibacterial agents against a wide range of pathogenic microorganism.
With increasing prevalence of untreatable infections induced by antibiotic resistance bacteria, flavonoids
have attracted much interest because of the potential to be substitutes for antibiotics. In this review,
the structure-relationship of flavonoids as antibacterial agents is summarized, and the recent advancements on the
antibacterial mechanisms of flavonoids are also discussed. It is concluded that hydroxyls at special sites on the aromatic
rings of flavonoids improve the activity. However, the methylation of the active hydroxyl groups generally decreases the
activity. Besides, the lipopholicity of the ring A is vital for the activity of chalcones. The hydrophobic substituents such as
prenyl groups, alkylamino chains, alkyl chains, and nitrogen or oxygen containing heterocyclic moieties usually enhance
the activity for all the flavonoids. The proposed antibacterial mechanisms of flavonoids are as follows: inhibition of nucleic
acid synthesis, inhibition of cytoplasmic membrane function, inhibition of energy metabolism, inhibition of the attachment
and biofilm formation, inhibition of the porin on the cell membrane, alteration of the membrane permeability,
and attenuation of the pathogenicity.
