Title:Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants (ASIA) – Animal Models as a Proof of Concept
Volume: 20
Issue: 32
Author(s): Paola Cruz-Tapias, Nancy Agmon-Levin, Eitan Israeli, Juan-Manuel Anaya and Yehuda Shoenfeld
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Autoimmune syndrome, adjuvants, ASIA, animal models, auto-inflammatory syndrome.
Abstract: ASIA syndrome, “Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndromes Induced by Adjuvants” includes at least four
conditions which share a similar complex of signs and symptoms and have been defined by hyperactive immune responses:
siliconosis, macrophagic myofasciitis syndrome, Gulf war syndrome and post-vaccination phenomena. Exposure
to adjuvants has been documented in these four medical conditions, suggesting that the common denominator to these
syndromes is a trigger entailing adjuvant activity. An important role of animal models in proving the ASIA concept has
been established. Experimentally animal models of autoimmune diseases induced by adjuvants are currently widely used
to understand the mechanisms and etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases and might thus promote the development of
new diagnostic, predictive and therapeutic methods. In the current review we wish to unveil the variety of ASIA animal
models associated with systemic and organ specific autoimmune diseases induced by adjuvants. We included in this review
animal models for rheumatoid arthritis-like disease, for systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease, autoimmune thyroid
disease-like disease, antiphospholipid syndrome, myocarditis and others. All these models support the concept of
ASIA, as the Autoimmune (Auto-inflammatory) Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants.