Title:The Heme Oxygenase System Selectively Modulates Proteins Implicated in Metabolism, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Volume: 20
Issue: 9
Author(s): Joseph Fomusi Ndisang
Affiliation:
Keywords:
Heme oxygenase, essential hypertension, spontaneously hypertensive rats, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Interleukin.
Abstract: Although recent studies have underscored the role of the heme-oxygenase (HO) inducer hemin, on insulin-signaling and glucose
metabolism, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, two-dimensional-gel electrophoresis, massspectrometry
and MSACOT-analyses were used to identify and characterize novel proteins modulated by hemin in spontaneoushypertensive
rat (SHR), a model of essential hypertension with insulin resistance/impaired glucose metabolism. In addition, the effects of
hemin on endothelin-1 (ET-1), protein-tyrosine-phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B), atrial-natriuretic-peptide (ANP) and its surrogate-marker urinary
cGMP, and inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were investigated.
In hemin-treated SHR, several proteins related to oxidative-stress and metabolism were modulated. Particularly, hemin enhanced aldolase-
B, fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase, purine-nucleoside phosphorylase, adenosine-kinase, argininosuccinate synthetase and carbonic
anhydrase-3 all of which are enzymes involved in glucose/energy metabolism and pH homeostasis. Similarly, hemin potentiated antioxidant
pathways including, NADP(+)-dependant isocitrate-dehydrogenase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase-Yb1 and hsp70, a pleiotropic
agent that regulates protein-folding, oxidative/pro-inflammatory events. Hemin also increased enzymes implicated in cell-growth
such as the nitrilase-protein-family, but reduced betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase, an enzyme associated with insulin resistance
and dysfunctional glucose metabolism. Furthermore, hemin increased ANP and its surrogate marker, urinary cGMP, but reduced ET-1,
PTP-1B, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, whereas the HO-inhibitor, chromium-mesoporphyrin abolished the effects.
The potentiation of ANP, urinary-cGMP, aldolade-B, fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase, purine-nucleoside phosphorylase, adenosine-kinase,
argininosuccinate synthetase, carbonic anhydrase-3, hsp70 and the corresponding reduction of betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase,
PTP-1B, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and ET-1 may be responsible for the improved glucose metabolism in hemin-treated animals.
Collectively, these findings underscore the pleiotropic effects of the HO-system in cellular homeostasis with important roles in metabolism
and defence.