Title:Apocynaceae as a Potential Source for Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Symptomatic Regulation and Management of Alzheimer's Disease
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Author(s): Priyanka Kumari, Naveen Sarwa, Deepak Meena, Ajaya Eesha and Navneet Singh Chaudhary*
Affiliation:
- Lab No-05, Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s disease, Apocynaceae, acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, alkaloids, Tabernaemontana.
Abstract: Memory loss or dementia is the key symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, significant
interference in a progressive manner is observed in memory, behaviour, and cognitive abilities
that affect the daily life of a person. At present, more than 50 million people are affected
worldwide with Alzheimer's disease. Urgent attention is needed for the symptomatic regulation and
management of this disease. The significant pharmacotherapy research in the last two decades gave
only four drug compounds galanthamine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and memantine that inhibit the
enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to elevate the availability of acetylcholine in the brain for
symptomatic relief in AD patients. Plant-based AChE inhibitors from many plant families, mainly
including Rutaceae, Papaveraceae, Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Liliaceae, Lycopodiaceae,
Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, etc., have been characterized for the management of AD progression.
AD progression is described by cholinergic, amyloid, Tau protein, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory
hypothesis. To date, there is no comprehensive review in the literature that combined all
plants of the Apocynaceae family showing anti-AChE activity. Therefore, the current review aims to
present significant literature, especially on plant-derived compounds from the Apocynaceae family
that inhibit AChE. The review compiled all plants showing potent anti-acetylcholinesterase activity.
The anti-AChE activity of more than 30 plants is described, which may be potential targets to find
new drug molecules by attracting the attention of researchers toward the Apocynaceae family. More
than 8 species of genus Tabernaemontana of Apocynaceae have been investigated for indole alkaloids,
demonstrating AChE inhibitory activity. The majority of anti-AChE compounds belong to the
class of alkaloids.
