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Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

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Review Article

Molecular Targets of Valeric Acid: A Bioactive Natural Product for Endocrine, Metabolic, and Immunological Disorders

Author(s): Bindu Kumari, Usha Kumari, Dhananjay Kumar Singh, Gulam Mohammed Husain, Dinesh Kumar Patel, Anshul Shakya, Ravi Bhushan Singh, Gyan Prakash Modi and Gireesh Kumar Singh*

Volume 24, Issue 13, 2024

Published on: 16 February, 2024

Page: [1506 - 1517] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/0118715303262653231120043819

Price: $65

Abstract

Backgrounds: Postbiotics produced by gut microbiota have exhibited diverse pharmacological activities. Valeric acid, a postbiotic material produced by gut microbiota and some plant species like valerian, has been explored to have diverse pharmacological activities.

Methods: This narrative review aims to summarise the beneficial role of valeric acid for different health conditions along with its underlying mechanism. In order to get ample scientific evidence, various databases like Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and Google were exhaustively explored to collect relevant information. Collected data were arranged and analyzed to reach a meaningful conclusion regarding the bioactivity profiling of valeric acid, its mechanism, and future prospects.

Results: Valeric acid belongs to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) compounds like acetate, propionate, butyrate, pentanoic (valeric) acid, and hexanoic (caproic) acid. Valeric acid has been identified as one of the potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. In different preclinical in -vitro and in-vivo studies, valeric acid has been found to have anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activity and affects molecular pathways of different diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and epilepsy.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the role of valeric acid as a potential novel therapeutic agent for endocrine, metabolic and immunity-related health conditions, and it must be tested under clinical conditions to develop as a promising drug.

Keywords: Postbiotics, valeric acid, valerian, short chain fatty acids, HDAC inhibitor, gut-microbiota, metabolic syndrome, immunomodulator.

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