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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 0929-8673
ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Research Article

High-expression of FABP4 in Tubules is a Risk Factor for Poor Prognosis in DKD Patients

Author(s): Yao Huang, Xinyuan Cui, Zheng Li, Shuguang Yuan, Yachun Han, Xiangqing Xu, Xiao Fu, Kewen Shi, Zurong Zhang, Jinying Wei, Shiyu Xia, Yang Xiao, Song Xue, Lin Sun, Hong Liu and Xuejing Zhu*

Volume 31, Issue 22, 2024

Published on: 31 January, 2024

Page: [3436 - 3446] Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/0109298673268265231228125431

Abstract

Background: Lipid metabolism imbalance is involved in the mechanism of renal tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been reported to participate in cellular lipid toxicity. However, the expression of FABP4 in renal tissues of DKD and its correlation with clinical/ pathological parameters and prognosis have not been studied.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 108 hospitalized Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with renal injury, including 70 with DKD and 38 with NDKD (non-DKD). Clinical features, pathological findings, and follow-up parameters were collected. Serum and urine FABP4 were detected by ELISA. An immunohistochemistry stain was used to determine FABP4 in renal tubulointerstitium. A double immunofluorescence stain was employed to assess FABP4- and CD68-positive macrophages. Correlation analysis, logistic regression models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Kaplan-Meier survival curve were performed for statistical analysis.

Results: DKD patients had increased expression of FABP4 and ectopic fat deposition in tubules. As shown by correlation analyses, FABP4 expression in renal tubules was positively correlated with UNAG (r=0.589, p=0.044) and ESRD (r=0.740, p=0.004). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that UNAG level was correlated with FABP4 expression level above median value (odds ratio:1.154, 95% confidence interval:1.009-1.321, p=0.037). High-expression of FABP4 in renal tubules of DKD was at an increased risk of ESRD. Increased FABP4 expression in inflammatory cells was also associated with ESRD in DKD.

Conclusion: High-expression of FABP4 is involved in the pathogenesis of renal tubular lipid injury and is a risk factor for poor prognosis in DKD patients.

Keywords: Diabetic kidney disease, renal tubular injury, fatty acid binding protein 4, endoplasmic reticulum, obesity, renal tubules.

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