Title:Karanjin, A Promising Bioactive Compound Possessing Anti-cancer Activity against
Experimental Model of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Volume: 24
Issue: 5
Author(s): Gourav Kumar*, Dev Mani Pandey, Manik Ghosh, Stefano Dall'Acqua, Rashmi Gupta, Nishi Prakash Tiwari, Usman Mohd Siddique, Leena Vishwakrama, Sunil Kant Guleri, Uma Ranjan Lal and Supriya Dubey
Affiliation:
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
- Birsa Munda Government
Medical College, Shahdol, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Science, University of Padova, Italy
Keywords:
Anticancer, apoptosis, characterization, isolation, karanjin, real-time PCR.
Abstract:
Aims: The aim of this study is to isolate the Millettia pinnata (Karanj) leaf extract for pure compound
with anticancer properties and to study the molecular target of the isolates in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines.
Background: In our earlier research Millettia pinnata leaf extract has demonstrated potential anticancer activities.
Thus, in pursuit of the bioactive compounds, the most potential active extract from our previous study was purified.
Furthermore, the anticancer properties of the isolated compound karanjin was studied and aimed for apoptosis
and restraining growth.
Methods: A novel method was developed through column chromatography for isolation and purification of the
compound karanjin from leaf chloroform extract. The purified component was then characterised using FTIR,
mass spectrometry, and NMR. An MTT-based cytotoxicity assay was used to analyse cell cytotoxicity, whereas
fluorescence staining was used for apoptosis and reactive oxygen species inhibition quantification. Furthermore,
the real-time PCR assay was used to determine the molecular mechanism of action in cells causing cytotoxicity
induced by karanjin dosing.
Results: The anticancer activity of karanjin in A549 cell line exhibited prominent activity revealing IC50 value of
4.85 μM. Conferring the predicted molecular pathway study, karanjin restrains the proliferation of cancer cells
through apoptosis, which is controlled by extrinsic pathway proteins FAS/FADD/Caspases 8/3/9. Downregulation
of KRAS and dependent gene expression also stopped cell proliferation.
Conclusion: Karanjin has been identified as a compound with potential effect in non-small cell lung cancer cells.
Molecular mechanism for apoptosis and inhibition of reactive oxygen species induced through H2O2 were observed,
concluding karanjin have medicinal and antioxidant properties.
