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Current Pharmaceutical Design

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ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

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Review Article

Computational Approaches to Designing Antiviral Drugs against COVID-19: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s): Mohan P. Singh*, Nidhi Singh, Divya Mishra, Saba Ehsan, Vivek K. Chaturvedi, Anupriya Chaudhary, Veer Singh and Emanuel Vamanu*

Volume 29, Issue 33, 2023

Published on: 01 November, 2023

Page: [2601 - 2617] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/0113816128259795231023193419

Price: $65

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Abstract

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 necessitates innovative strategies for the rapid development of effective treatments. Computational methodologies, such as molecular modelling, molecular dynamics simulations, and artificial intelligence, have emerged as indispensable tools in the drug discovery process. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of these computational approaches and their application in the design of antiviral agents for COVID-19. Starting with an examination of ligand-based and structure-based drug discovery, the review has delved into the intricate ways through which molecular modelling can accelerate the identification of potential therapies. Additionally, the investigation extends to phytochemicals sourced from nature, which have shown promise as potential antiviral agents. Noteworthy compounds, including gallic acid, naringin, hesperidin, Tinospora cordifolia, curcumin, nimbin, azadironic acid, nimbionone, nimbionol, and nimocinol, have exhibited high affinity for COVID-19 Mpro and favourable binding energy profiles compared to current drugs. Although these compounds hold potential, their further validation through in vitro and in vivo experimentation is imperative. Throughout this exploration, the review has emphasized the pivotal role of computational biologists, bioinformaticians, and biotechnologists in driving rapid advancements in clinical research and therapeutic development. By combining state-of-the-art computational techniques with insights from structural and molecular biology, the search for potent antiviral agents has been accelerated. The collaboration between these disciplines holds immense promise in addressing the transmissibility and virulence of SARS-CoV-2.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, molecular modelling, molecular docking, antiviral agents, natural resources, COVID-19.

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