摘要
背景:由锥虫属原生动物寄生虫引起的锥虫病在世界若干地区仍然是一个重大的健康负担。半胱氨酸蛋白酶在锥虫的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用,并已成为开发新型抗寄生虫药物的潜在治疗靶点。 引言:本文旨在全面综述半胱氨酸蛋白酶在锥虫病中的作用及其作为治疗靶点的潜力。我们讨论了半胱氨酸蛋白酶在锥虫寄生虫中的生物学意义及其参与的基本过程,如宿主免疫逃避、细胞入侵和营养获取。 方法:全面查阅文献,找出半胱氨酸蛋白酶及其抑制剂在锥虫病中作用的相关研究和研究文章。对选定的研究进行了批判性分析,以提取关键发现并提供该主题的全面概述。 结果:半胱氨酸蛋白酶,如cruzipain, TbCatB和TbCatL,因其在锥虫发病机制中的重要作用而被确定为有希望的治疗靶点。一些针对这些蛋白酶的小分子抑制剂和肽模拟物已经被开发出来,并在临床前研究中显示出有希望的活性。 结论:以半胱氨酸蛋白酶及其抑制剂为靶点,开发抗锥虫病的新型药物具有很大的潜力。强效和选择性半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的鉴定可以显著促进与锥虫病的斗争,并改善治疗这种被忽视的热带病的前景。
关键词: 锥虫病,布氏锥虫,克氏锥虫,半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,克氏锥虫蛋白酶,罗得西亚蛋白酶(TbCatL),组织蛋白酶B (TbCatB)。
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