Title:Insights into Pharmacological Potential of Apigenin through Various Pathways on a Nanoplatform in Multitude of Diseases
Volume: 29
Issue: 17
Author(s): Ayesha Waheed, Saima Zameer, Kudsiya Ashrafi, Asad Ali, Niha Sultana, Mohd Aqil*, Yasmin Sultana and Zeenat Iqbal
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
Keywords:
Flavonoid, ADME, mechanism of action, pharmacological activity, drug delivery, antioxidant.
Abstract: Apigenin is a natural polyphenolic compound widely distributed as a glycoside in fruits and vegetables.
Apigenin belongs to BCS class II with low solubility, which leads to poor absorption and bioavailability.
It is mostly absorbed from the small intestine and extensively metabolized through glucuronidation and sulfation
processes. Apigenin is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used as a chemopreventive
drug in the management of various cancers. Pharmacological effects of apigenin have a wide
range, from neuroprotective to treating renal disorders. Apigenin is non-toxic in nature and acts through various
pathways (JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB) to exert its therapeutic efficacy.
Numerous formulations have been researched to enhance the bioavailability and pharmacological effects of apigenin.
Combinatorial therapies are also researched to minimize the side-effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The
review presents pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of apigenin. Apigenin is safe for the treatment
and management of numerous diseases. It can be easily incorporated into nanoformulation alone or in combination
with other active ingredients to widen the therapeutic window. This review intends to help in drug optimization
and therapeutic efficacy maximization for future studies.