Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Algerian Calamintha
nepeta (L.)

Khadidja   Houda   Benabed; Hadjer      Boussoussa; Ihcen      Khacheba; Abir      bekhaoua; Fatima   Zohra   Douadji; Sabrina      Daïdi; Souad      Djaâfour; Mohamed      Yousfi

doi:10.2174/1573408019666230331084001

Abstract

Background: Calamintha nepeta is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that is known for its traditional use to treat diabetes among Algerian populations. However, till now, there has been no research work to confirm this activity.

Objectives: This work aimed to evaluate the amylase inhibitory activity of essential oils and phenolic compounds from both methanolic and aqueous extracts of Algerian Calamintha nepeta (L.).

Methods: The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC and then GC/MS. Aqueous and methanolic extracts were obtained from the remains of the hydrodistillation. Total phenolic compounds were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The amylase inhibitory activity of the extracts was determined by testing their ability to inhibit alpha-amylase.

Results: The extraction yield was 0.67 % (w/w) for the essential oil, and 11.85 and 4.38 % (w/w) for the aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively. The essential oil analysis revealed that menthone, menthol, pulegone, and pulegone oxide were the main components of the oil. The total phenolic compounds in the aqueous and methanolic extracts were 41.81 and 32.92 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. The extracts inhibited α-amylase activity with IC₅₀ values of 24.46, 31.54, and 115.47 mg/ml for the methanolic extract, essential oil, and aqueous extract, respectively.

Conclusion: The different extracts of Calamintha nepeta showed an interesting composition and significant amylase inhibitory activity, emphasizing their successful use in traditional medicine.

Keywords: Calamintha nepeta, phenolics, essential oil, α-amylase, inhibition, amylase inhibitory activity.

« Previous Next »

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Tundis R, Marrelli M, Conforti F, et al. Trifolium pratense and T. repens (Leguminosae): Edible flower extracts as functional ingredients. Foods  2015; 4(4): 338-48.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods4030338] [PMID:  28231209]

[2]
Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Menichini F. Natural products as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors and their hypoglycaemic potential in the treatment of diabetes: An update. Mini Rev Med Chem  2010; 10(4): 315-31.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955710791331007] [PMID:  20470247]

[3]
Singh PP, Jha S, Irchhaiya R, Fatima A, Agarwal P. A review on phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Calamintha officinalis Moench. IJPSR  2012; 3(4): 1001-4.

[4]
Benabed K, Gourine N, Ouinten M, Bombarda I, Yousfi M. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of three algerian Lamiaceae species. Curr Nutr Food Sci  2017; 13(2): 97-109.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401313666170104105521]

[5]
Fraternale D, Giamperi L, Ricci D, Manunta A. Composition of essential oil as a taxonomic marker for Calamintha nepeta (L.) savi ssp. Nepeta. J Essent Oil Res  1998; 10(5): 568-70.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1998.9700973]

[6]
Božović M, Ragno R. Calamintha nepeta (L.) savi and its main essential oil constituent pulegone: Biological activities and chemistry. Molecules  2017; 22(2): 290.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020290] [PMID:  28216606]

[7]
Baldovini N, Ristorcelli D, Tomi F, Casanova J. Infraspecific variability of the essential oil of Calamintha nepeta from Corsica (France). Flavour Fragrance J  2000; 15(1): 50-4.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200001/02)15:1<50:AID-FFJ871>3.0.CO;2-F]

[8]
Nostro A, Cannatelli MA, Morelli I, et al. Preservative properties of Calamintha officinalis essential oil with and without EDTA. Lett Appl Microbiol  2002; 35(5): 385-9.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765X.2002.01216.x] [PMID:  12390486]

[9]
Alan S, Kürkçüoglu M, Baser KHC. Composition of essential oils of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi Subsp. nepeta and Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi Subsp. glandulosa (Req.) P.W. Ball. Asian J Chem  2011; 23(6): 2357-60.

[10]
Pacifico S, Galasso S, Piccolella S, et al. Seasonal variation in phenolic composition and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi. Food Res Int  2015; 69(69): 121-32.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.12.019]

[11]
Allali H, Benmehdi H, Dib MA, Tabti B, Ghalem S, Benabadji N. Phytotherapy of diabetes in west algeria. Asian J Chem  2008; 20(4): 2701-10.

[12]
Vermerris W, Nicholson R. Phenolic compound biochemistry.  Netherlands: Springer 2006; p. 276.

[13]
Olubomehin OO, Abo KA, Ajaiyeoba EO. Alpha-amylase inhibitory activity of two Anthocleista species and in vivo rat model anti-diabetic activities of Anthocleista djalonensis extracts and fractions. J Ethnopharmacol  2013; 146(3): 811-4.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.007] [PMID:  23422334]

[14]
Hachani S, Hamia C, Boukhalkhal S, Silva AMS, Djeridane A, Yousfi M. Morphological, physico-chemical characteristics and effects of extraction solvents on UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn profiling of phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of five date cultivars (Phoenix dactylifera L.) growing in Algeria. NFS J  2018; 13: 10-22.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2018.10.001]

[15]
Bougandoura N, Bendimerad N. Effet antifongique des extraits aqueux et methanolique de Satureja calamintha ssp.(Nepeta) briq. Revue des BioRessources  2012; 2(1): 1-7.

[16]
Khan S, Khan T, Shah AJ. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antihypertensive effect of the crude extract and fractions of Calamintha vulgaris. Phytomedicine  2018; 47: 174-83.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2018.04.046] [PMID:  30166102]

[17]
Khled khoudja N, Boulekbache-Makhlouf L, Madani K. Antioxidant capacity of crude extracts and their solvent fractions of selected Algerian Lamiaceae. Ind Crops Prod  2014; 52: 177-82.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.10.004]

[18]
Khaled Khodja N, Boulekbache L, Chegdani F, et al. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and essential oils from Calamintha nepeta L. J Complement Integr Med  2018; 15(4)
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2017-0080]

[19]
Conforti F, Marrelli M, Statti G, et al. Comparative chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. glandulosa (Req.) Nyman and Calamintha grandiflora (L.) Moench (Labiatae). Nat Prod Res  2012; 26(1): 91-7.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2010.545356] [PMID:  21861645]

[20]
Ćavar S, Vidic D, Maksimović M. Volatile constituents, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of Calamintha glandulosa (Req.) Bentham. J Sci Food Agric  2013; 93(7): 1758-64.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.5967] [PMID: 23184904]

[21]
Benarfa A, Gourine N, Hachani S, Harrat M, Yousfi M. Optimization of ultrasound‐assisted extraction of antioxidative phenolic compounds from Deverra scoparia Coss. & Durieu (flowers) using response surface methodology. J Food Process Preserv  2020; 44(7): 1-10.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14514]

[22]
Hachani S, Boukhalkhal S, Ben Ahmed Z. Exploiting response surface methodology (rsm) as a novel approach for the optimization of phenolics and antioxidants activity of date palm fruit and total flavonoids in palm date extract. Chem Chem Technol  2020; 14(4): 572-82.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.572]

[23]
Berramdane T, Gourine N, Bombarda I, Yousfi M. New chemotype of essential oil of Achillea santolina L. collected from different regions of Algeria. J Food Meas Charact  2018; 12(3): 1779-86.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11694-018-9793-5]

[24]
Monforte MT, Tzakou O, Nostro A, Zimbalatti V, Galati EM. Chemical composition and biological activities of calamintha officinalis moench essential oil. J Med Food  2011; 14(3): 297-303.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2009.0191]

[25]
Nickavar B, Mojab F. Hydrodistilled volatile constituents of Calamintha officinalis Moench from Iran. J Essent Oil-Bear Plants  2005; 8(1): 23-7.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2005.10643416]

[26]
Baser KHC. Essential oils of anatolian labiatae: Profile. Acta Hortic  1993; (333): 217-38.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1993.333.27]

[27]
Cook CM, Lanaras T, Kokkini S. Essential oils of two Calamintha glandulosa (Req.) bentham chemotypes in a wild population from Zakynthos, Greece. J Essent Oil Res  2007; 19(6): 534-9.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2007.9699324]

[28]
Aouissi H, Gourine N, Wang H, et al. Chemical composition, antioxidative, antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities of Asteriscus graveolens (Forssk) essential oil. Orient Pharm Exp Med  2018; 18(3): 217-23.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13596-018-0315-0]

[29]
Djeridane A, Hamdi A, Bensania W, Cheifa K, Lakhdari I, Yousfi M. The in vitro evaluation of antioxidative activity, α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory of natural phenolic extracts. Diabetes Metab Syndr  2015; 9(4): 324-31.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2013.10.007] [PMID:  25470628]

[30]
Deveci E, Tel-Cayan G, Duru ME. In vitro antidiabetic activity of seven medicinal plants naturally growing in Turkey. Eur J Biol  2020; 79(1): 23-8.

[31]
Amtul Z, Atta-ur-Rahman BSP, Siddiqui R, Choudhary M. Chemistry and mechanism of urease inhibition. Curr Med Chem  2002; 9(14): 1323-48.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867023369853] [PMID:  12132990]

[32]
Atmaca MH. Cengi̇z Ecemi̇ş G. Oral antidiyabetik ajanlar. J Exp Clin Med  2012; 29(s1): s23-9.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.5835/jecm.omu.29.s1.006]

[33]
Gonçalves S, Moreira E, Grosso C, Andrade PB, Valentão P, Romano A. Phenolic profile, antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory activities of extracts from aromatic plants used in Mediterranean diet. J Food Sci Technol  2017; 54(1): 219-27.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13197-016-2453-z] [PMID:  28242919]

[34]
Boukhalkhal S, Gourine N, Pinto DCGA, Silva AMS, Yousfi M. Variability of the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of the essential oils of two subspecies of Artemisia campestris L. growing in Algeria. J Food Meas Charact  2018; 12(3): 1829-42.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11694-018-9797-1]

[35]
Loizzo MR, Saab AM, Tundis R, et al. In vitro inhibitory activities of plants used in Lebanon traditional medicine against angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and digestive enzymes related to diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol  2008; 119(1): 109-16.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.003] [PMID:  18601990]

[36]
Singh PP, Jha S, Irchhaiya R. Antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of hydroxycinnamic acids from Calamintha Officinalis Moench. Med Chem Res  2012; 21(8): 1717-21.
 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00044-011-9690-5]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite

Article Metrics

14

2

Journal Information

For Authors

For Editors

For Reviewers

Explore Articles

Open Access

Open Access Articles

For Visitors

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573408019666230331084001	Print ISSN 1573-4080
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-6662

Current Enzyme Inhibition

Alpha-amylase Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Algerian Calamintha nepeta (L.)

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Related Journals

Related Books