Abstract
Scientific interest in defining the human bodys ability to limit the effects of administered drugs and xenobiotics dates from the mid-19th century when developing knowledge and techniques in the field of organic chemistry first made such studies possible. The first experimental evidence documenting the existence of cytochrome p450 (CYP) dates to the year 1955, when an enzyme system capable of oxidizing xenobiotic compounds was identified in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver homogenates. From these days on several studies analyzed the expression and function of metabolizing phase I enzymes in liver cells. Due to the unique structural features of human skin, little was known about the expression and function of CYP enzymes in this tissue and their role in uptake, metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics as well as endogenous substrates. Lasting recent years it has become clear that human skin cells express various CYP enzymes, including CYP26AI which is responsible for the metabolism of retinoic acid in skin cells. It has been also shown that CYP enzyme expression patterns are cell type and tissue specific and that in skin cells this differs significantly from its expression in other environmental interfaces such as the liver, lung and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore knowledge of skinspecific CYP expression and function is a prerequisite for pharmacological studies of the skin.
Keywords: Keratinocytes, fibroblasts, retinoids, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Expression and Function of Cytochrome P450-Dependent Enzymes in Human Skin Cells
Volume: 15 Issue: 22
Author(s): J. M. Baron, T. Wiederholt, R. Heise, H. F. Merk and D. R. Bickers
Affiliation:
Keywords: Keratinocytes, fibroblasts, retinoids, 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Abstract: Scientific interest in defining the human bodys ability to limit the effects of administered drugs and xenobiotics dates from the mid-19th century when developing knowledge and techniques in the field of organic chemistry first made such studies possible. The first experimental evidence documenting the existence of cytochrome p450 (CYP) dates to the year 1955, when an enzyme system capable of oxidizing xenobiotic compounds was identified in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver homogenates. From these days on several studies analyzed the expression and function of metabolizing phase I enzymes in liver cells. Due to the unique structural features of human skin, little was known about the expression and function of CYP enzymes in this tissue and their role in uptake, metabolism and elimination of xenobiotics as well as endogenous substrates. Lasting recent years it has become clear that human skin cells express various CYP enzymes, including CYP26AI which is responsible for the metabolism of retinoic acid in skin cells. It has been also shown that CYP enzyme expression patterns are cell type and tissue specific and that in skin cells this differs significantly from its expression in other environmental interfaces such as the liver, lung and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore knowledge of skinspecific CYP expression and function is a prerequisite for pharmacological studies of the skin.
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Cite this article as:
Baron M. J., Wiederholt T., Heise R., Merk F. H. and Bickers R. D., Expression and Function of Cytochrome P450-Dependent Enzymes in Human Skin Cells, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 15 (22) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708785747535
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708785747535 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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