Title:Aptamer-based Biosensors: Promising Sensing Technology for Diabetes
Diagnosis in Biological Fluids
Volume: 30
Issue: 30
关键词:
适配体,糖尿病,生物传感器,生物标志物,纳米颗粒,适体传感器。
摘要: Diabetes is a chronic disease state in which the pancreas fails to secrete sufficient
insulin, resulting in an elevation of blood glucose levels. As one of the most prevalent
diseases worldwide, diabetes is recognized as a global health concern that, if undiagnosed
or untreated, can lead to serious and life-threatening complications, such as kidney
failure, cardiovascular disease and diabetic retinopathy. Despite progress in the diagnosis
of diabetes, limitations still exist with current analytical techniques, and, therefore, the development
of precise sensing devices for on-site, real-time detection of diabetes is needed.
Biosensors have contributed significantly to the field of diabetes healthcare, due to
their cost-effectiveness, portability, ease of use, and rapid assay time. Recently, there has
been a preference for the utilization of aptamers over antibodies in designing biosensors.
Aptasensors, biosensors made with aptamers, offer potential in the diagnosis of diabetes.
Aptamers, due to having lower molecular weight, low price, and stability over a wide
temperature range and pH range, their in vitro synthesis, and the ability to refold after being
removed from denaturing conditions compared to antibodies, have some distinctive
characteristics as well as diverse types, such as optical FNA-based biosensors, colorimetric
biosensors, fluorescent biosensors and electrochemical FNA-based biosensors. With
this in mind, we highlight the recent developments and novel perspectives in the field of
aptasensor design to quantitatively monitor diabetes biomarkers. Finally, some results are
highlighted to offer a basis for the future design of aptasensor kits for diabetes diagnosis.