Title:Perspectives toward the Development of Advanced Materials Based
on Bacterial Polysaccharides
Volume: 30
Issue: 17
关键词:
细菌多糖，先进生物基材料，细菌细胞工厂，水凝胶，薄膜，纳米颗粒，废料。
摘要: Bacteria and their enzymatic machinery, also called bacterial cell factories,
produce a diverse variety of biopolymers, such as polynucleotides, polypeptides and
polysaccharides, with different and fundamental cellular functions. Polysaccharides are
the most widely used biopolymers, especially in biotechnology. This type of biopolymer,
thanks to its physical and chemical properties, can be used to create a wide range of advanced
bio-based materials, hybrid materials and nanocomposites for a variety of exciting
biomedical applications. In contrast to synthetic polymers, bacterial polysaccharides
have several advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, low immunogenicity,
and non-toxicity, among others. On the other hand, the main advantage of bacterial
polysaccharides compared to polymers extracted from other natural sources is that their
physicochemical properties, such as purity, porosity, and malleability, among others, can
be adapted to a specific application with the use of biotechnological tools and/or chemical
modifications. Another great reason for using bacterial polysaccharides is due to the
possibility of developing advanced materials from them using bacterial factories that can
metabolize raw materials (recycling of industrial and agricultural wastes) that are readily
available and in large quantities. Moreover, through this strategy, it is possible to curb environmental
pollution. In this article, we project the desire to move towards large-scale
production of bacterial polysaccharides taking into account the benefits, weaknesses and
prospects in the near future for the development of advanced biological materials for
medical and pharmaceutical purposes.
