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摘要
肝细胞癌是一种死亡率高、发病率高的恶性肿瘤。这种疾病的早期发现可以帮助提高生存率和患者的整体利益。这种疾病的非侵入性诊断策略是最重要的。在这个范围内,检测肝细胞癌的生物标志物可以提供一个有用的诊断工具。核酸适配体是一种短的单链DNAs或RNAs,可以特异性结合选定的分析物,并作为可用于电极功能化的伪生物识别元件。此外,其他类型的DNA序列也可以用来构建用于肝细胞癌生物标志物定量的DNA生物传感器。在此,我们分析了用于检测肝细胞癌生物标志物(如micro- RNAs、长链非编码 RNAs、外泌体、循环肿瘤细胞和蛋白质)的适体传感器和 DNA 生物传感器的最新示例。文献数据进行了比较批判性的讨论,突出了在诊断中使用电化学生物传感器的优势,以及使用纳米材料和生物成分在电极功能化以提高灵敏度和选择性。
关键词: 肝细胞癌(HCC),适配体,生物标志物,电化学生物传感器,DNA序列,miRNAs。
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