Title:Immunological and Metabolic Alterations in Esophageal Cancer
Volume: 22
Issue: 6
Author(s): Mary Mikhael, Bilal Pasha, Harleen Chela, Veysel Tahan*Ebubekir Daglilar
Affiliation:
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, MO, USA
Keywords:
Esophageal cancer, immunology, metabolic changes, pathophysiology, malignancy, stromal cells.
Abstract: Esophageal cancer is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal malignancies
that is encountered. It has a global distribution and affects males and females, and is linked to
significant morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms underlying pathophysiology are multifactorial
and involve the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. This review article describes
the immunological and metabolic changes that occur in malignancy of the esophagus.