Title:Role of miRNAs in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy: A Recent Update
Volume: 28
Issue: 6
Author(s): Adil A. Sayyed, Piyush Gondaliya, Palak Bhat, Mukund Mali, Neha Arya*, Amit Khairnar*Kiran Kalia*
Affiliation:
- Department of Medical Devices, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Translational Medicine Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal 462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Keywords:
MicroRNA, cancer therapy, nanotherapeutics, biomarker, diagnostic, cancer metastasis, chemoresistance.
Abstract: The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been one of the revolutionary developments and has led
to the advent of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for the management of cancer. In this regard, miRNA
dysregulation has been shown to play a critical role in various stages of tumorigenesis, including tumor invasion,
metastasis as well as angiogenesis. Therefore, miRNA profiling can provide accurate fingerprints for
the development of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. This review discusses the recent discoveries of miRNA-
based tools for early detection of cancer as well as disease monitoring in cancers that are common, like
breast, lung, hepatic, colorectal, oral and brain cancer. Based on the involvement of miRNA in different cancers
as oncogenic miRNA or tumor suppressor miRNA, the treatment with miRNA inhibitors or mimics is recommended.
However, the stability and targeted delivery of miRNA remain the major limitations of miRNA delivery.
In relation to this, several nanoparticle-based delivery systems have been reported which have effectively
delivered the miRNA mimics or inhibitors and showed the potential for transforming these advanced delivery
systems from bench to bedside in the treatment of cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Based on this, we attempted
to uncover recently reported advanced nanotherapeutic approaches to deliver the miRNAs in the management
of different cancers.