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Current Neuropharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-159X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6190

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Review Article

cGAS-STING-mediated IFN-I Response in Host Defense and Neuroinflammatory Diseases

Author(s): Kai Chen, Chuan Lai, Ying Su, Wen Dai Bao, Liu Nan Yang, Ping-Ping Xu* and Ling-Qiang Zhu*

Volume 20, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 07 February, 2022

Page: [362 - 371] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1570159X19666210924110144

Open Access Journals Promotions 2
Abstract

The presence of foreign or misplaced nucleic acids is a dangerous signal that triggers innate immune responses by activating cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and binding to its downstream signaling effector stimulator of interferon genes (STING). Then the cGAS-STING pathway activation links nucleic acid-sensing to immune responses and pathogenic entities clearance. However, the overactivation of this signaling pathway leads to fatal immune disorders and contributes to the progression of many human inflammatory diseases. Therefore, optimal activation of this pathway is crucial for the elimination of invading pathogens and the maintenance of immune homeostasis. In this review, we will summarize its fundamental roles in initiating host defense against invading pathogens and discuss its pathogenic roles in multiple neuro-inflammatory diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords: cGAS, STING, neuroinflammation, AD, PD, HD, ALS, MS.

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