Depression and Pain: Use of Antidepressants

Herlinda      Bonilla-Jaime; José   Armando   Sánchez-Salcedo; M.   Maetzi   Estevez-Cabrera; Tania      Molina-Jiménez; José   Luis   Cortes-Altamirano; Alfonso      Alfaro-Rodríguez
doi:10.2174/1570159X19666210609161447
Abstract

Background: Emotional disorders are common comorbid affectations that exacerbate the severity and persistence of chronic pain. Specifically, depressive symptoms can lead to an excessive duration and intensity of pain. Clinical and preclinical studies have been focused on the underlying mechanisms of chronic pain and depression comorbidity and the use of antidepressants to reduce pain.
Aim: This review provides an overview of the comorbid relationship of chronic pain and depression, the clinical and pre-clinical studies performed on the neurobiological aspects of pain and depression, and the use of antidepressants as analgesics.
Methods: A systematic search of literature databases was conducted according to pre-defined criteria. The authors independently conducted a focused analysis of the full-text articles.
Results: Studies suggest that pain and depression are highly intertwined and may co-exacerbate physical and psychological symptoms. One important biochemical basis for pain and depression focuses on the serotonergic and norepinephrine system, which have been shown to play an important role in this comorbidity. Brain structures that codify pain are also involved in mood. It is evident that using serotonergic and norepinephrine antidepressants are strategies commonly employed to mitigate pain
Conclusion: Literature indicates that pain and depression impact each other and play a prominent role in the development and maintenance of other chronic symptoms. Antidepressants continue to be a major therapeutic tool for managing chronic pain. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are more effective in reducing pain than Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin- Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs).
Keywords: Depression, pain, antidepressants, chronic pain, neuropathic pain, chronic disease.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X19666210609161447	Print ISSN 1570-159X
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-6190
Current Neuropharmacology

Depression and Pain: Use of Antidepressants

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