Abstract
Objective: The molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer development and progression are not clear. Bladder cancer is an important focus for epidemiological studies and understanding clinical implications.
Goal: The primary aim of prevention is achieved by limiting exposure to non-genetic risk factors, such as smoking, diet, arsenic in drinking water, or aromatic amines at work or elsewhere. Current therapies for bladder cancer are affected by tumor morphology and associated acquired genetic mutations.
Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect databases to find studies of bladder cancer published between 1984 and early 2020. The focus was articles that address epidemiological risk factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Articles were selected that enabled our review of these factors as well as molecular and structural patterns.
Results: There are multiple views of bladder cancer. The literature offers several novel insights regarding the development and progression of bladder cancer and possible biomarkers that may be useful in clinical and diagnostic practice.
Conclusion: There are several molecular pathways associated with bladder cancer that are frequently updated. In addition, genetic subtypes of bladder tumors are not distinguished clearly which requires future more detailed analysis.
Keywords: Bladder cancer, bladder cancer pathogenesis, risk factors, NMIBC, MIBC, molecular pathways of bladder cancer, histological classification of bladder cancer, immunohistochemistry, PD-L1.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Bladder Cancer: Update on Risk Factors, Molecular and Ultrastructural Patterns
Volume: 28 Issue: 41
Author(s): Liudmila M. Mikhaleva*, Valentina V. Pechnikova, Akhmed M. Pshikhachev, Konstantin A. Rogov, Magomed A. Gusniev, Olga I. Patsap, Olesya A. Vasyukova, Emma P. Akopyan, Ozal Beylerli, Siva G. Somasundaram, Cecil E. Kirkland and Gjumrakch Aliev*
Affiliation:
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupy Street, Moscow117418, Russian Federation
- I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- GALLY International Research Institute, 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX78229, USA
Keywords: Bladder cancer, bladder cancer pathogenesis, risk factors, NMIBC, MIBC, molecular pathways of bladder cancer, histological classification of bladder cancer, immunohistochemistry, PD-L1.
Abstract:
Objective: The molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer development and progression are not clear. Bladder cancer is an important focus for epidemiological studies and understanding clinical implications.
Goal: The primary aim of prevention is achieved by limiting exposure to non-genetic risk factors, such as smoking, diet, arsenic in drinking water, or aromatic amines at work or elsewhere. Current therapies for bladder cancer are affected by tumor morphology and associated acquired genetic mutations.
Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, ResearchGate, Google, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect databases to find studies of bladder cancer published between 1984 and early 2020. The focus was articles that address epidemiological risk factors and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Articles were selected that enabled our review of these factors as well as molecular and structural patterns.
Results: There are multiple views of bladder cancer. The literature offers several novel insights regarding the development and progression of bladder cancer and possible biomarkers that may be useful in clinical and diagnostic practice.
Conclusion: There are several molecular pathways associated with bladder cancer that are frequently updated. In addition, genetic subtypes of bladder tumors are not distinguished clearly which requires future more detailed analysis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mikhaleva M. Liudmila *, Pechnikova V. Valentina , Pshikhachev M. Akhmed , Rogov A. Konstantin , Gusniev A. Magomed , Patsap I. Olga , Vasyukova A. Olesya , Akopyan P. Emma, Beylerli Ozal, Somasundaram G. Siva , Kirkland E. Cecil and Aliev Gjumrakch *, Bladder Cancer: Update on Risk Factors, Molecular and Ultrastructural Patterns, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (41) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210309111731
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210309111731 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Advances in Nanomedicine Towards Clinical Application in Oncology and Immunology
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Patent Selections:
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Assessment of the Health Effects of Chemicals in Humans: II. Construction of an Adverse Effects Database for QSAR Modeling
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Serine Protease Inhibitor Kazal Type 1 (SPINK1): Beyond the Trypsin Inhibitor
Current Enzyme Inhibition PET Imaging with [<sup>68</sup>Ga]NOTA-RGD for Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Study with [<sup>18</sup>F]Fluorodeoxyglucose and [<sup>18</sup>F]Fluoroethylcholine
Current Cancer Drug Targets Mammalian Cell Competitions, Cell-in-Cell Phenomena and Their Biomedical Implications.
Current Molecular Medicine Targeting SKCa Channels in Cancer: Potential New Therapeutic Approaches
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antibacterial Function of the Human Cathelicidin-18 Peptide (LL-37) between Theory and Practice
Protein & Peptide Letters Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Cancer Biomarker Discovery for Precision Medicine: New Progress
Current Medicinal Chemistry Polymer-Based Gene Delivery: A Current Review on the Uptake and Intracellular Trafficking of Polyplexes
Current Gene Therapy Coupling of Conjugating Enzymes and Efflux Transporters: Impact on Bioavailability and Drug Interactions
Current Drug Metabolism The Chlorophyll Catabolite Pheophorbide a as a Photosensitizer for the Photodynamic Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Tankyrases: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Network Pharmacology-based Prediction and Verification of Shikonin for Treating Colorectal Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery COX Selectivity and Animal Models for Colon Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Insights Toward Nanostructured Drug Delivery of Plant-Derived Polyphenol Compounds: Cancer Treatment and Gene Expression Profiles
Current Cancer Drug Targets A Rare Case Report of Inguinal Herniation with Urinary Bladder as its Content
New Emirates Medical Journal Addressing the Challenge: Current and Future Directions in Ovarian Cancer Therapy
Current Gene Therapy