Title:Exploring the Anti-Neuroinflammatory Potential of Steroid and Terpenoid-Derived Phytochemicals to Combat Alzheimer's Disease
Volume: 27
Issue: 22
Author(s): Md. Tanvir Kabir, Md. Sahab Uddin*, Sonia Zaman, Md. Sohanur Rahman, Tapan Behl, Ausaf Ahmad, Abdul Hafeez, Asma Perveen and Ghulam Md. Ashraf*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka,Bangladesh
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah,Saudi Arabia
Keywords:
Anti-Neuroinflammatory effects, Alzheimer's disease, phytochemicals, steroids, terpenoids, neurodegeneration.
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder that significantly
affects cognitive functions in a way that causes loss of memory, thinking, and behavior. Multiple studies revealed
that neuroinflammation associated with AD is linked with the amyloid-beta deposition in the brain. Elevated
levels of expression of cytokines, microglial activation, nuclear factor kappa B, and reactive oxygen species play
roles in AD-related inflammatory processes. Indeed, effective therapeutic approaches are urgently required to
develop therapeutic agents to prevent and treat AD. So far, many anti-AD drug candidates have failed in the clinical
stages and currently available drugs only provide symptomatic treatment. In recent times, pharmacologically
active phytochemicals have been found to possess promising anti-neuroinflammatory effects; therefore, these
natural products can be useful in AD treatment. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed the role of
neuroinflammation and the molecular processes altered by multiple steroid and terpenoid-derived phytochemicals
in various AD-related neuroinflammatory pathways. Indeed, steroid and terpenoid-derived phytochemicals show
important therapeutic activities, which can be useful in ameliorating and treating AD-related neurodegeneration.