Title:Exosomes: Critical Mediators of Tumour Microenvironment Reprogramming
Volume: 28
Issue: 39
关键词:
血管生成、癌症干细胞、外泌体、转移、肿瘤微环境、信号通路。
摘要: Tumour microenvironment (TME) is a resident of a variety of cells, which are
devoted to the heterogeneous population of the tumour. TME establishes a communication
network for crosstalk and signalling between tumour cells, stroma, and other interstitial
cells. The cross-communication drives the reprogramming of TME cells, which promote
cancer progression and metastasis via diverse signalling pathways. Recently, TMEderived
exosomes are recognized as critical communicators of TME cell reprogramming.
This review addresses the role of TME-derived exosomes in the modulation of stroma, including
reprogramming the stromal cells, ECM and tumour cell metabolism, as well as
neoplastic transformation. Subsequently, we described the role of exosomes in pre-metastatic
niche development, maintenance of stemness and tumour vasculature, as well as
development of drug resistance. We also explored tumour-derived exosomes in precision,
including diagnosis, drug delivery, and vaccine development. We discussed the currently
established bioengineered exosomes as carriers for chemotherapeutic drugs, RNAi
molecules, and natural compounds. Finally, we presented tetraspanin and DNA-based
precision methods for the quantification of tumour-derived exosomes. Overall, TMEderived
exosome-mediated reprogramming of TME and precision strategies could illuminate
the potential mechanisms for targeted therapeutic intervention.
