Title:The Role of Plant-Derived Compounds in Managing Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Literature from 2014 To 2019
Volume: 28
Issue: 23
关键词:
尿病、胰岛素、高血糖、天然化合物、作用机制、抗糖尿病等
摘要:
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a global health problem characterized
by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion or failure of insulin activity.
There is an imperative need for the discovery of alternative therapeutic agents that
overcome the drawbacks of the current synthetic antidiabetic drugs.
Objectives: This review critically summarizes the reports on the known and novel natural
compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins with a potent antidiabetic activity
that were recently published from 2014 to 2019. We discussed the underlying mechanisms
of action that put these compounds in the category of effective antidiabetic candidates.
Methods: Information was obtained from Google Scholar, Scirus, PubMed, and Science
Direct.
Discussion and Conclusion: The reported natural compounds showed promising antidiabetic
activity through different mechanisms such as the inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase,
insulin-sensitizing effect, direct action on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B),
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), GLUT4 expression, insulin
receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) as well as dipeptidyl
peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme. Some compounds inhibited the formation of advanced
glycation end products (AGEs). Other compounds prevented the risk of diabetic
complications such as cardiovascular diseases, retinopathy, and nephropathy. This review
provides a critical overview of the most recent discoveries of antidiabetic agents
from natural sources. This overview could help researchers to focus on the most prominent
candidates aiming to develop new drug leads.
