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Current Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Online): 1875-533X

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Review Article

Dual-targeting Approach on Histamine H3 and Sigma-1 Receptor Ligands as Promising Pharmacological Tools in the Treatment of CNS-linked Disorders

Author(s): Katarzyna Szczepańska, Kamil J. Kuder and Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz*

Volume 28, Issue 15, 2021

Published on: 06 August, 2020

Page: [2974 - 2995] Pages: 22

DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200806103144

Price: $65

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Abstract

With the recent market approval of Pitolisant (Wakix®), the interest in clinical application for novel multifunctional histamine H3 receptor antagonists has clearly increased. Several combinations of different H3R pharmacophores with pharmacophoric elements of other G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, or enzymes have been synthesized by numerous pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions. Since central nervous system disorders are characterized by diverse physiological dysfunctions and deregulations of a complex network of signaling pathways, optimal multipotent drugs should simultaneously and peculiarly modulate selected groups of biological targets. Interestingly, very recent studies have shown that some clinically evaluated histamine H3 receptor antagonists possess a nanomolar affinity for sigma-1 receptor binding sites, suggesting that this property might play a role in their overall efficacy. The sigma-1 receptor, unusual and yet obscure protein, is supposed to be involved in numerous CNS pathologies through neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. These two different biological structures, histamine H3 and sigma-1 receptors, combined, can represent a potential fruitful target for therapeutic developments in tackling numerous human diseases.

Keywords: Histamine H3 receptors, sigma-1 receptors, dual-targeting ligands, Pitolistant, CNS pathologies, H3R pharmacophores.

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