摘要
多发性硬化症(MS)是影响中枢神经系统(CNS)一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,其特点是脱髓鞘和神经退行性疾病,由Th17和Th1型免疫应答的驱动,该病常见于年轻女性。虽然MS的原因还不完全清楚,但它是臭名昭著的疾病,其特征在于由一个扩展的髓鞘的焦点退化与轴突和神经元损伤。脂质分子作为目标分子的髓鞘破坏和炎症介质发挥了主要的双重作用。事实上,近年来累积的证据表明,lipidbinding髓鞘和神经鞘脂含量异常会引起免疫原性增强,这是对髓鞘产生自身免疫反应的基础。中枢神经系统毕竟是第二器官,脂肪组织中的脂肪含量更丰富。另一方面,可溶性因子称为脂肪因子,由脂肪组织分泌,调节炎症反应和代谢功能障碍,这在MS的病理生理学是十分重要的。MS患者残疾的积累是缓慢而持续的,并经常会导致流动性和体力活动下降,导致更加虚弱,疲劳和增加代谢综合征(MetS)的风险。反过来,MetS可能触发MS易感个体,是预后不良的因素。本文回顾了脂质,MetS和 MS的相关知识,并讨论了为推动该领域的发展所应做的努力。
关键词: 脂肪因子、脂类、代谢综合征、多发性硬化症。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Lipids at the Cross-road of Autoimmunity in Multiple Sclerosis
Volume: 24 Issue: 2
Author(s): Marcella Reale, Silvia Sanchez-Ramon.
Affiliation:
关键词: 脂肪因子、脂类、代谢综合征、多发性硬化症。
摘要: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration, driven by a Th17/Th1-immune response, which afflicts mainly young women. Although MS causes are not completely known, it is notorious that the disease is characterized by an extended focal degradation of the myelin sheath, with ulterior axonal and neuronal damage. Lipid molecules play a main dual role in MS, both as target molecules of myelin destruction and as mediators of inflammation. Indeed, recent cumulative evidence suggests that abnormalities in the lipidbinding proteins of myelin and sphingolipid content that confer increased immunogenicity may underlie the autoimmune response against the myelin sheath. CNS is after all, the second organ richer in lipid content after adipose tissue. On the other hand, soluble factors called adipokines, secreted by adipose tissue, modulate inflammatory responses and contribute to metabolic dysfunction, which may be important in MS pathophysiology. Disability accumulation in MS patients is slow but persistent, often leading to a decreased mobility and physical activity, resulting in more weakness, fatigue and associated increased risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). In turn, MetS may trigger MS in susceptible individuals and is a bad prognostic factor. Here we review what are the facts linking lipids, MetS and MS, what we do not know yet, and what we should do to move this field forward.
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Cite this article as:
Marcella Reale, Silvia Sanchez-Ramon. , Lipids at the Cross-road of Autoimmunity in Multiple Sclerosis, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666161123093606
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666161123093606 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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