Ultrasound is a dynamic process whereby structures can and should be
followed to their origins and destinations for optimal identification. Because of this, it is
not always satisfactory to study static ultrasound images. When studying sonoanatomy,
the authors strongly advise readers to first study the macro- and microanatomy and then
to view the accompanying video production that illustrates the dynamic sonoanatomy
(Movie 1). In this chapter, the authors explain the static sonoanatomy of the axilla and
the rest of the arm, and with the aid of a video production, the dynamic sonoanatomy of
these structures and areas.
Keywords: Acute pain medicine, Axilla, Axilla borders, Axillary artery, Axillary
nerve, Brachial artery, Brachial plexus, Brachial vein, Dynamic ultrasound,
Intercostobrachial nerve, Lateral cord, Medial cord, Medial cutaneous nerve of the
forearm, Medial cutaneous nerves of the arm, Median nerve, Musculocutaneous
nerve, Posterior cord, Radial nerve, Regional anesthesia, Second thoracic spinal
root, Ulnar nerve, Ultrasound.
