Menopause is a physiological condition that is caused by mainly ovarian
disorders brought on by apoptosis. With age, ovarian function decreases. During
menopause, women experience a wide range of symptoms and health problems,
including cognition decline, heart disease, urogenital diseases, and bone fracture risk,
all of which are connected to the body's declining estrogen levels. Menopause is the
biggest risk factor in women over 49 to 50 years of age who have osteoporosis. The
lack of estrogen encountered during the stages of perimenopause and menopause has
been linked to osteoporosis. Early menopause (before age 45), along with any
protracted period of low hormone levels and irregular or absent menstrual cycles,
results in bone mass loss. Osteoporosis is a degenerative disorder sometimes
recognized as a “silent disease” that raises the possibility of fractures caused by
fragility and is characterized by a loss of bone mass and an erosion of bone structure.
According to the statement, osteoporosis is both gravely underdiagnosed and
undertreated. In postmenopausal women, managing their bone health entails identifying
and lowering fracture risk factors through nonpharmacologic initiatives, taking
medications that increase bone density and strength, minimizing risk factors through
changes in lifestyle and diet, as well as using pharmacologic therapy.
Keywords: Bone health, Estrogen, Menopause, Osteoporosis, Osteoclast
