Menstruation, also commonly referred to as a period, is a woman's monthly
cycle of consistent vaginal bleeding. Every month, the female body prepares for
pregnancy. The maintenance and preparation of the uterine lining to receive an embryo
are governed by the uterine cycle. The typical duration of these cycles, which are
contemporaneous and coordinated, ranges from 21 to 35 days, with a median of 28
days, and they persist for roughly 30 to 45 years. If there is no pregnancy, the uterus,
also known as the womb, loses its lining and is released as menstrual blood, which is
composed of both blood and uterine tissue. Menstrual disorders can be brought on by a
wide range of variables, such as hormonal imbalances, genetic predispositions, clotting
issues, pelvic illnesses, dietary patterns, etc. As a result, new lifestyle choices like
eating junk food and doing less exercise are having a negative impact on women's
menstrual cycles. Menstruation is a normal part of life, but individuals often complain
about cultural taboos associated with it. The prevention of numerous current and future
gynecological issues, such as infertility, obesity, and polycystic ovaries, depends on
improving menstrual health. In this chapter, we will discuss common menstrual
problems, their prognosis, types of common, the concept of menarche and stages in the
menstrual cycle, menstrual hygiene practices, menstruation in Indian adolescent girls,
and management of menstrual problems.
Keywords: Menstruation, Menstrual cycle, Menstrual health, Woman’s cycle.
