Correlation of the Structural and Perfusion Findings in Patients with Surgically Resolved Myopic Foveoretinal Detachment

Myopia is a global public health problem leading to visual impairment and blinding complications. Myopic foveoschisis (MF)/foveoretinal detachment (FRD) might be responsible for progressive visual loss in eyes with macular traction maculopathy (MTM). An assessment of the macular microcirculation might identify defects that are potentially implicated in subsequent pathological changes. In the present chapter, macular perfusion in normal eyes was compared with that in highly myopic eyes with MF/FRD. Vessel density (VD) differed between the groups, and the superficial area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was significantly larger in the control groups. Better final visual acuity results were significantly correlated with fewer structural findings and greater VD (p < 0.05). The central subfoveal thickness was significantly larger in the control groups and significantly smaller in the surgery group. These findings suggested a higher incidence of macular perfusional VD deficiencies and abnormalities in the FAZ area in the highly myopic eyes. 

Keywords: Choriocapillaris flow area, Choriocapillaris subfoveal plexus, Choroidal vascular index, Deep vascular plexus, Foveal avascular zone, Foveoretinal detachment, High myopia, Myopic foveoschisis, Myopic macular degeneration, Myopic macular hole-associated retinal detachment, Myopic macular hole, Myopic traction maculopathy, Posterior staphyloma, Superficial vascular plexus, Vessel density, Vitreomacular traction.