Application and Development in Solar Stills

One-third of the Earth is covered by seawater, yet there is a constant lack of water in many places. A total of 97% of the water is present in the sea as salt water, and only 3% of water is potable, out of which only 1% of clean water reaches the people. Therefore, a device is needed that can convert salt water into clean water. Solar still is a sustainable device through which dirty and salt water can be converted into clear water. Due to the low productivity of conventional solar still; it is not popular in the market. Increasing the productivity of conventional solar still is a major challenge for researchers. Researchers are continuously working on the performance of solar still to increase its productivity. The modifications and designs made by researchers in solar still over the last ten years are encapsulated in this chapter. Solar still with PCM, nanoparticles, reflectors, collectors, external condenser, wick materials, and different angles are studied, and applications of distilled water have also been covered in this chapter.

Keywords: Active solar still, Distilled water, Passive solar still, Solar still.