Title:Treatment Approaches for COVID-19: A Critical Review
Volume: 21
Issue: 13
Author(s): Nalini Sodum, Gautam Kumar, Vanishree Rao, Nitesh Kumar*Chamallamudi Mallikarjuna Rao*
Affiliation:
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka,India
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka,India
Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, antimalarial drugs, antibiotics, vaccines, immune therapy, plasma therapy.
Abstract:
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was declared as an emerging
global public health concern on 30th January 2020. This novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak
was first identified in Wuhan city, China, which soon affected around 185 countries and territories
all over the world through various transmission mechanisms. To date, no permanent cure has been
found, due to which this pandemic threatens humanity for its very existence.
Objective: In light of the rising menace, this review aims at providing collective and prominent information
on the current outbreak, covering its origin, structure, transmission, clinical features, potential
treatment approaches, and clinical trial details.
Methods: The literature published in Scopus and PubMed indexed journals were reviewed, and clinical
trial data was retrieved from the ClinicalTrials.gov database.
Results: Present review puts forth detailed insights on history, epidemiology, structure, genetic
makeup, reservoirs, entry mechanisms, reproduction capacity, pathogenesis, routes of transmission,
clinical features, diagnostics, the role of chloroquine in treatment, current promising therapies, and
vaccination trials.
Conclusion: At present, early detection, isolation of infected patients, and supportive care with a few
recently USFDA approved alternative medications are being used as per the standard government
guidelines. Due to insufficient availability of proof regarding current therapies to produce therapeutic
activity against COVID-19, safety precautions, prevention methods, hygiene maintenance and management
therapy with intensive care medicine is the only way to fight this current situation.
