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摘要
由于碳纳米管(CNTs)的成功应用,石墨烯和氧化石墨烯(GO)作为一种创新的药物纳米载体在以往的研究中得到了广泛的研究,可装载多种治疗药物、抗癌药物、低可溶性药物、抗生素、抗体、多肽、DNA、RNA和基因。石墨烯由于表面积大,具有超高的载药效率。石墨烯和氧化石墨烯由于其独特的特性而被广泛应用于生物医学领域: 二维平面结构、宽表面积、化学和机械稳定性、卓越的导电性和良好的生物相容性。由于这些独特的品质,氧化石墨烯的应用提供了先进的药物运输框架和运输广泛的治疗。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在药物递送和纳米医学中的最新进展和改进。首先,我们描述了什么是石墨烯和氧化石墨烯。之后,我们讨论了石墨烯氧化物作为药物载体的性质,在药物传输应用中,利用靶向药物传输,抗癌药物的传送,化学控制药物释放,不同的药物的协同转运,氧化石墨烯与碳纳米管的比较,纳米石墨烯以及纳米石墨烯的毒性。最后,我们对目前的扩张和未来的潜在前景进行了总结。
关键词: 石墨烯,氧化石墨烯,纳米药物,给药系统,石墨烯DDS,高定向裂解石墨(HOPG)。
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