Title:Lifestyle Modification in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Dietary and Physical Activity Recommendations Based on Evidence
Volume: 15
Issue: 3
Author(s): Leila Chehade, Zeinab Amanda Jaafar, Dana El Masri, Hassan Zmerly, Dima Kreidieh, Hana Tannir, Leila Itani and Marwan El Ghoch*
Affiliation:
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut,Lebanon
Keywords:
Rheumatoid arthritis, lifestyle modification, dietary recommendation, physical activity, autoimmune disease, diet.
Abstract:
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease, considered the
most common inflammatory articular disease among the general population. However, not only the
joints are affected; rheumatoid arthritis also has an extra-articular manifestation. As for many other
chronic diseases, rheumatoid arthritis may be exacerbated by poorer lifestyle choices. In fact, recent
studies emphasize the role of nutrition and physical activity in this disease.
Aim: In the current paper, we aim to describe lifestyle modifications based on diet and physical activity
and other recommendations that seem to improve the clinical management and the disease
outcome of Rheumatoid arthritis.
Results: A three-component lifestyle modification programme has been considered based on: (i) A
low-fat low-sodium Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and nuts and poor in
sugar-sweetened beverages, red and processed meat and trans fats, and the supplementation with
omega-3 fatty acids, non-essential amino acids and probiotics, (ii) An appropriate physical activity
programme based on an active daily lifestyle, aerobic exercise and resistance training and (iii) Adequate
sleep hygiene and smoking reduction/cessation, that seems to have positive effects in terms of
disease progression and related outcomes.
Conclusion: Lifestyle modification programme should be considered as the basis of any treatment,
(i.e., pharmacological treatment), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
