![conference banner](/images/conference-banner.jpeg)
Abstract
Kidney toxicity comprises an important type of hospital admission with associated high costs. Large numbers of chemicals are involved comprising a wide variety of classes, both organic and inorganic. These include therapeutic drugs, radiocontrast agents, carcinogens, metals, abused drugs, and industrial chemicals. This review provides extensive evidence for participation of oxidative stress (OS) and electron transfer (ET) as a unifying framework. Application is made to all the main classes of nephrotoxins, in addition to many miscellaneous types. We believe it is not coincidental that the vast majority of these substances incorporate ET functionalities (quinone, metal complex, ArNO2, or conjugated iminium) either per se or in metabolites, potentially giving rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS) by redox cycling. Some categories, e.g., radiation, radiocontrast agents, and peroxides, appear to generate OS by non-ET routes. For completeness, other theories are also addressed a multifaceted approach appears the most logical. The ET-OS viewpoint should increase understanding and contribute to prevention, e.g., use of antioxidants.
Keywords: nephrotoxins, oxidative stress, electron transfer, radiation, radiocontrast, therapeutic drugs, carcinogens, abused drugs, halogenated hydrocarbons, radiocontrast agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Nephrotoxins: Widespread Role of Oxidative Stress and Electron Transfer
Volume: 9 Issue: 8
Author(s): Peter Kovacic, Aileen Sacman and Mae Wu-Weis
Affiliation:
Keywords: nephrotoxins, oxidative stress, electron transfer, radiation, radiocontrast, therapeutic drugs, carcinogens, abused drugs, halogenated hydrocarbons, radiocontrast agents
Abstract: Kidney toxicity comprises an important type of hospital admission with associated high costs. Large numbers of chemicals are involved comprising a wide variety of classes, both organic and inorganic. These include therapeutic drugs, radiocontrast agents, carcinogens, metals, abused drugs, and industrial chemicals. This review provides extensive evidence for participation of oxidative stress (OS) and electron transfer (ET) as a unifying framework. Application is made to all the main classes of nephrotoxins, in addition to many miscellaneous types. We believe it is not coincidental that the vast majority of these substances incorporate ET functionalities (quinone, metal complex, ArNO2, or conjugated iminium) either per se or in metabolites, potentially giving rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS) by redox cycling. Some categories, e.g., radiation, radiocontrast agents, and peroxides, appear to generate OS by non-ET routes. For completeness, other theories are also addressed a multifaceted approach appears the most logical. The ET-OS viewpoint should increase understanding and contribute to prevention, e.g., use of antioxidants.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kovacic Peter, Sacman Aileen and Wu-Weis Mae, Nephrotoxins: Widespread Role of Oxidative Stress and Electron Transfer, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2002; 9 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867024606803
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867024606803 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
![Wayfinder Image](/images/wayfinder.jpg)
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements