Title:Antifungal Activity, Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Analysis And in silico Study of Punica Granatum Peel Extracts Against Fluconazole Resistant Strains of Candida Species
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Author(s): Sony Paul*, Kalyani Mohanram and Iyanar Kannan
Affiliation:
- Department of Microbiology, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, Chennai-600127,India
Keywords:
Candida species, candidiasis, Punica granatum, fluconazole resistant, Candida species, antifungal activity, molecular
docking.
Abstract: Aims: Candida species is the common cause of opportunistic fungal infections all over the
world with increased mortality and morbidity especially in immunosuppressed patients. Fluconazole is
the first line therapy for candidiasis. The antifungal resistance pattern in high-risk patients is a major
concern. The present study was aimed to assess the anticandidal activity of Punica granatum peel
against fluconazole resistant Candida species isolated from HIV patients.
Materials & Methods: Ethanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and aqueous extracts of the peel of P.
granatum were evaluated against standard strains of Candida spp. and fluconazole resistant clinical
isolates by agar diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The GC-MS analysis of the extracts was performed
to identify the phytochemicals present in it. The predominant phytochemical was subjected to
molecular docking study to determine its binding efficacy with lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase.
Results: P. granatum peel extracts showed excellent anticandidal activity with ethanol extract exhibiting
the most inhibitory activity. C. albicans and C. krusei were the most inhibited and C. parapsilosis
was the least inhibited species. The GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract identified five predominant
phytochemicals. On docking studies, the five phytochemicals showed a good binding to the lanosterol
14-alpha demethylase.
Conclusion: The present study is the first report on the antifungal activity of various extracts of
P. granatum against fluconazole resistant Candida isolates. Ethanol extract of P. granatum peel
showed excellent anticandidal activity against fluconazole resistant Candida spp. Hence, it can be explored
further to identify a potential drug candidate.