Title:Cancer Targeted Therapy Strategy: The Pathologist’s Perspectives
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
关键词:
目标疗法,生物标志物,病理学家的观点,免疫组织化学,FFPE组织,分子分析,传统测序,下一代测序
摘要: The effectiveness of new personalized treatment procedures in oncology is based on the
fact that certain tumors exhibit specific molecular features.
More in detail, neoplastic tissues of patients should display a specific biomarker, most often a specific
genetic alteration and/or under/overexpression of a definite protein, that could be the target of
its respective drug. Immunohistochemical and molecular analyses, which usually include examination
of nucleic acids from either tissues or fluids, are common tests to define the status of a tumor.
This review focuses on the pathologist’s role in carefully controlling pre- analytic procedures and
standard operating procedures that are a crucial prerequisite to reach reliable and reproducible results.
Six paradigmatic applications of targeted therapy, for which pathological diagnosis plays a
fundamental role, are summarized. Traditional and next-generation sequencing are also addressed
from the pathologist's perspective as well as the importance pathologists have in this shift to more
accurate definition of disease risk and prognostication of therapy response in the personalized medicine
era.