Title:Ethanolamine Metabolism in the Mammalian Gastrointestinal Tract: Mechanisms, Patterns, and Importance
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Author(s): J. Zhou, X. Xiong*, K. Wang, L. Zou, D. Lv and Y. Yin*
Affiliation:
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125,China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan 410125,China
Keywords:
Ethanolamine, cytidine phosphoethanolamine pathway, N-acylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine,
phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, EutR, EutVW, IPEC, inflammation, Salmonella typhimurium,
Escherichia coli, acetyl-CoA, lipid biosynthesis, short chain fatty acid.
Abstract: Nutritional exchanges and cooperation between bacteria in the gastrointestinal
tract and the mammalian host play an important role in health and disease.
Ethanolamine is an essential dietary lipid nutrient for animals and is abundant in both
intestinal and bacterial cell membranes. Ethanolamine can be utilized by intestinal
eukaryotic cells via the cytidine phosphoethanolamine pathway for de novo synthesis of
phosphatidylethanolamine, and certain bacteria are able to catabolize it as a major
carbon and/or nitrogen source with the help of ethanolamine utilization proteins. In
addition, ethanolamine utilization dramatically affects lipid metabolism and short-chain
fatty acid biosynthesis. Ethanolamine metabolism plays a significant role in the renewal
and proliferation of intestinal cells and intestinal inflammation, and ethanolamine may be
a nutritional target to diagnose or treat diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease.
This review summarizes the mechanisms of ethanolamine metabolism in the mammalian
gastrointestinal tract and its influence on intestinal health and immunity, thus providing a
theoretical reference for further studies on mammalian nutrition and disease.
