Abstract
Background & Objective: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) also known as thioredoxin binding protein-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts and negatively regulates expression and function of Thioredoxin (TXN). Over the last few years, TXNIP has attracted considerable attention due to its wide-ranging functions impacting several aspects of energy metabolism. TXNIP acts as an important regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism through pleiotropic actions including regulation of β-cell function, hepatic glucose production, peripheral glucose uptake, adipogenesis, and substrate utilization. Overexpression of TXNIP in animal models has been shown to induce apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle and adipose, and decrease energy expenditure. On the contrary, TXNIP deficient animals are protected from diet induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Summary: Consequently, targeting TXNIP is thought to offer novel therapeutic opportunity and TXNIP inhibitors have the potential to become a powerful therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Here we summarize the current state of our understanding of TXNIP biology, highlight its role in metabolic regulation and raise critical questions that could help future research to exploit TXNIP as a therapeutic target.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, thioredoxin system, thioredoxin-interacting protein, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, metabolic homoeostasis.
Current Drug Targets
Title:TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook
Volume: 18 Issue: 9
Author(s): Naif Mohammad Alhawiti, Saeed Al Mahri, Mohammad Azhar Aziz, Shuja Shafi Malik and Sameer Mohammad*
Affiliation:
- Experimental Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, thioredoxin system, thioredoxin-interacting protein, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, metabolic homoeostasis.
Abstract: Background & Objective: Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) also known as thioredoxin binding protein-2 is a ubiquitously expressed protein that interacts and negatively regulates expression and function of Thioredoxin (TXN). Over the last few years, TXNIP has attracted considerable attention due to its wide-ranging functions impacting several aspects of energy metabolism. TXNIP acts as an important regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism through pleiotropic actions including regulation of β-cell function, hepatic glucose production, peripheral glucose uptake, adipogenesis, and substrate utilization. Overexpression of TXNIP in animal models has been shown to induce apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, reduce insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues like skeletal muscle and adipose, and decrease energy expenditure. On the contrary, TXNIP deficient animals are protected from diet induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
Summary: Consequently, targeting TXNIP is thought to offer novel therapeutic opportunity and TXNIP inhibitors have the potential to become a powerful therapeutic tool for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Here we summarize the current state of our understanding of TXNIP biology, highlight its role in metabolic regulation and raise critical questions that could help future research to exploit TXNIP as a therapeutic target.Export Options
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Cite this article as:
Alhawiti Mohammad Naif, Al Mahri Saeed, Aziz Azhar Mohammad, Malik Shafi Shuja and Mohammad Sameer*, TXNIP in Metabolic Regulation: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook, Current Drug Targets 2017; 18 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170130145514
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170130145514 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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