摘要
背景:酒精使用障碍(AUD)是与医疗后果和社会经济成本高昂负担相关的常见和致残精神障碍。虽然越来越多的研究支持在酒精消费和澳元的几个方面存在性别差异,但大多数调查是在男性进行的。 目的:本文旨在审查澳大利亚的性别差异,重点是流行病学,神经生物学,药代动力学,对医疗后果的易感性和治疗。 结果:虽然澳大利亚在男性中更为普遍,但澳大利亚的妇女人数正在迅速增加,特别是在青少年中。妇女对酒精消费引起的医疗后果的脆弱性较高,包括酒精相关的肝病,心肌病和乳腺癌。这一观察仅部分通过在酒精的药代动力学中观察到的性别差异来解释。妇女也从第一次使用酒精到澳大利亚的开始加速进展,并且似乎处于较高的酒精 - 药物相互作用的风险。虽然澳大利亚妇女与妇女不太可能寻求治疗,但通过考虑到女性患者的特殊需要,通过专门的方案取得更好的成果。然而,用于治疗澳大利亚的药物的疗效和安全性的调查结果主要来自于妇女人数不足的研究。 结论:观察到的性别差异表明迫切需要进行招募足够数量女性科目的研究,以增加对澳大利亚的性别差异的了解,并制定个性化和循证的预防和治疗妇女的监禁措施。
关键词: 酒精使用障碍,酒精,妇女,治疗,性别差异,酒精相关后果。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Sex Differences in Alcohol Use Disorder
Volume: 24 Issue: 24
关键词: 酒精使用障碍,酒精,妇女,治疗,性别差异,酒精相关后果。
摘要: Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common and disabling mental disorder associated with a significant burden of medical consequences and high socioeconomic costs. Although a growing number of studies support the existence of sex differences in several aspects of alcohol consumption and AUD, the majority of investigations have been conducted in men.
Objective: This article was aimed at reviewing sex differences in AUD, focusing on epidemiology, neurobiology, pharmacokinetics, susceptibility to medical consequences, and treatment. Results: Although AUD is more prevalent in men, the number of women with AUD is rapidly increasing, especially in adolescents. Women show a higher vulnerability to medical consequences induced by alcohol consumption, including alcohol-related liver disease, cardiomyopathy, and breast cancer. This observation is only partly explained by the sex differences observed in the pharmacokinetics of alcohol. Women also show an accelerated progression from the first use of alcohol to the onset of AUD and appear to be at higher risk of alcohol- medication interactions. Although AUD women are less likely to seek treatment than men, they achieve better results through dedicated programs taking into account the special needs of female patients. However, findings on the efficacy and safety of medications used to treat AUD mostly come from studies in which women were largely underrepresented. Conclusion: The sex differences observed suggest the urgent need to conduct studies recruiting adequate numbers of female subjects, to increase knowledge of sex differences in AUD, and to develop personalized and evidence-based approaches of prevention and treatment of AUD in women.Export Options
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Cite this article as:
Sex Differences in Alcohol Use Disorder, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (24) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161202092908
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161202092908 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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