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Abstract
Purinergic signalling, i.e. ATP as an extracellular signalling molecule and cotransmitter in both peripheral and central neurons, is involved in the physiology of neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Receptors for purines have been cloned and characterised, including 4 subtypes of the P1(adenosine) receptor family, 7 subtypes of the P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor family and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled nucleotide receptor family. The roles of purinergic signalling in diseases of the central nervous system and the potential use of purinergic compounds for their treatment are attracting increasing attention. In this review, the focus is on the findings reported in recent papers and reviews to update knowledge in this field about the involvement of purinergic signalling in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, degeneration and regeneration after brain injury, stroke, ischaemia, inflammation, migraine, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, addiction, sleep disorders and brain tumours. The use in particular of P2X7 receptor antagonists for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, stroke and ischaemia, A2A receptor antagonists for Parkinson’s disease and agonists for brain injury and depression and P2X3 receptor antagonists for migraine and seizures has been recommended. P2Y receptors have also been claimed to be involved in some central nervous disorders.
Keywords: Addiction, Alzheimer's disease, depression, Epilepsy, MS, neuroprotection, Parkinson's disease, Schizophrenia.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Purinergic Signalling and Neurological Diseases: An Update
Volume: 16 Issue: 3
Author(s): Geoffrey Burnstock*
Affiliation:
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, Royal Free and University College School of Medicine, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF,United Kingdom
Keywords: Addiction, Alzheimer's disease, depression, Epilepsy, MS, neuroprotection, Parkinson's disease, Schizophrenia.
Abstract: Purinergic signalling, i.e. ATP as an extracellular signalling molecule and cotransmitter in both peripheral and central neurons, is involved in the physiology of neurotransmission and neuromodulation. Receptors for purines have been cloned and characterised, including 4 subtypes of the P1(adenosine) receptor family, 7 subtypes of the P2X ion channel nucleotide receptor family and 8 subtypes of the P2Y G protein-coupled nucleotide receptor family. The roles of purinergic signalling in diseases of the central nervous system and the potential use of purinergic compounds for their treatment are attracting increasing attention. In this review, the focus is on the findings reported in recent papers and reviews to update knowledge in this field about the involvement of purinergic signalling in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, degeneration and regeneration after brain injury, stroke, ischaemia, inflammation, migraine, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, addiction, sleep disorders and brain tumours. The use in particular of P2X7 receptor antagonists for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, depression, stroke and ischaemia, A2A receptor antagonists for Parkinson’s disease and agonists for brain injury and depression and P2X3 receptor antagonists for migraine and seizures has been recommended. P2Y receptors have also been claimed to be involved in some central nervous disorders.
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Cite this article as:
Burnstock Geoffrey*, Purinergic Signalling and Neurological Diseases: An Update, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2017; 16 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666160922104848
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666160922104848 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
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