Abstract
Noble metal nanomaterials, such as gold or silver nanoparticles, exhibit unique photonic, electronic, catalytic and therapeutic properties. The high versatility in their synthesis, especially size and shape features, as well as in the surface functionalization by, e.g., physisorption, direct chemisorption of thiol derivatives and covalent binding through bifunctional linkers or specific affinity interactions, prompted their widespread and rising use as multifunctional platforms for theranostic purposes. In this paper, the recent developments of gold and silver nanoparticles for application in biosensing, medical imaging, diagnosis and therapy is reviewed from the following five aspects: (1) the gold and silver nanomaterials intrinsic properties of biomedical interest; (2) the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles by chemical, physical and biological/green processes; (3) the applications of gold and silver nanoparticles in imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic mode; (4) the surface functionalization processes for targeting, controlled drug loading and release, triggered pathways of cellular uptake and tissue distribution; and (5) nanotoxicity. The historical developments and the most recent applications have been focused on, together with suggested strategies for future more efficacious, targeted delivery.
Keywords: Drug delivery, Imaging, Metal nanoparticle, Nanomaterial synthesis, Nanotoxicity, Plasmonics, Surface functionalization.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Gold and Silver Nanoparticles for Applications in Theranostics
Volume: 16 Issue: 27
Author(s): Patrizia Di Pietro, Gaetano Strano, Lidia Zuccarello and Cristina Satriano
Affiliation:
Keywords: Drug delivery, Imaging, Metal nanoparticle, Nanomaterial synthesis, Nanotoxicity, Plasmonics, Surface functionalization.
Abstract: Noble metal nanomaterials, such as gold or silver nanoparticles, exhibit unique photonic, electronic, catalytic and therapeutic properties. The high versatility in their synthesis, especially size and shape features, as well as in the surface functionalization by, e.g., physisorption, direct chemisorption of thiol derivatives and covalent binding through bifunctional linkers or specific affinity interactions, prompted their widespread and rising use as multifunctional platforms for theranostic purposes. In this paper, the recent developments of gold and silver nanoparticles for application in biosensing, medical imaging, diagnosis and therapy is reviewed from the following five aspects: (1) the gold and silver nanomaterials intrinsic properties of biomedical interest; (2) the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles by chemical, physical and biological/green processes; (3) the applications of gold and silver nanoparticles in imaging, diagnostic and therapeutic mode; (4) the surface functionalization processes for targeting, controlled drug loading and release, triggered pathways of cellular uptake and tissue distribution; and (5) nanotoxicity. The historical developments and the most recent applications have been focused on, together with suggested strategies for future more efficacious, targeted delivery.
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Cite this article as:
Pietro Di Patrizia, Strano Gaetano, Zuccarello Lidia and Satriano Cristina, Gold and Silver Nanoparticles for Applications in Theranostics, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160715163346
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026616666160715163346 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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