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摘要
肝硬化是肝脏的一种弥漫性病理生理状态,被认为是各种肝损伤的最后阶段,特征为慢性炎症和纤维化,随后正常肝组织结构转换成结构异常结节、密集的纤维间隔,紧接着实质疲倦和肝脏组织的瓦解。由乙肝和(或)丙肝造成的酒精性肝病和慢性感染仍是世界范围肝硬化的主要症状。在漫长的15-30年期间,慢性肝疾病会导致肝硬化及其并发症。活性肝炎在炎症坏死再生中起着重要的作用,最终将导致肝硬化和原发性肝细胞癌。肝硬化的预后是高度可变的,受多个变量的影响,如病因、病情的严重程度、并发症和合并症的存在。在肝硬化晚期,生存率下降到1-2年。正确的先进性的诊断和不同小分子选择性治疗有助于理解肝纤维化的机制,这是肝硬化病理学驱动力,有助于用更严谨的方法来达到更有效的治疗方案。为防止肝功能进一步退化引起的纤维化常要求特异性治疗,即靶向治疗。因此,本文旨在评估以病理生理学为基础的肝硬化的诊断和治疗,用PubMed数据库搜寻从2011年至今的英文出版的相关文献。
关键词: 并发症;纤维症;肝硬化;肝脏;瞬间弹性成像
Current Drug Targets
Title:Recent Advancements in Diagnosis and Therapy of Liver Cirrhosis
Volume: 17 Issue: 15
Author(s): Roberto Giulio Romanelli, Cristina Stasi
Affiliation:
关键词: 并发症;纤维症;肝硬化;肝脏;瞬间弹性成像
摘要: Cirrhosis is a diffuse pathophysiological state of the liver considered to be the final stage of various liver injuries, characterized by chronic necroinflammatory and fibrogenetic processes, with subsequent conversion of normal liver architecture into structurally abnormal nodules, dense fibrotic septa, concomitant parenchymal exaustment and collapse of the liver tissue. Alcoholic liver disease and chronic infections due to HBV and/or HCV constitute the main causes of liver cirrhosis worldwide. During a lag time of 15 to 30 years, chronic liver diseases can lead to liver cirrhosis and its complications. Active hepatic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the inflammation- necrosis-regeneration process, which eventually leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Prognosis of liver cirrhosis is highly variable and influenced by several variables, such as etiology, severity of liver disease, presence of complications and comorbidities. In advanced cirrhosis, survival decreases to one or two years. Correct advanced diagnosis and selected treatment with different molecules may help in understanding mechanisms of fibrogenesis, the driving forces of cirrhosis’s pathogenesis, and the scrupulous approach to more effective therapeutic procedures. Prevention of fibrosis with further deterioration of liver function through specific treatments is always required, through the removal of the underlying causes of liver disease. Advanced liver disease, with subsequent complications, requires targeted treatment. Therefore, the aim of this review is to assess the diagnosis and treatment of liver cirrhosis on the pathophysiological bases, searching for relevant studies published in English using the PubMed database from 2011 to the present.
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Cite this article as:
Roberto Giulio Romanelli, Cristina Stasi , Recent Advancements in Diagnosis and Therapy of Liver Cirrhosis, Current Drug Targets 2016; 17 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160613101413
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450117666160613101413 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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